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Drugs / End of Psychedelic Exploration
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:47:31 pm »
Subject: The End of Psychedelic Exploration - from Slothrop
Homage To: Shulgin's Psychedelic Publications

Alexander Shulgin is the worlds foremost developer and explorer of
psychedelic drugs.  He has been, and remains, a prolific writer.  His
publications provide a great introduction to the diverse world of
psychedelics, and provide and inspiration for psychedelic exploration.
However, Shulgin has informed me that the publishing of any
human data on new compounds had to stop abruptly with the enactment
of the Analogue Drug Bill in 1986.  This particular bit of obscenity
makes the generation, or even the attempted generation, of any altered
state of consciousness a felonious act.  The continuing publication of
experimental results in the medical and scientific literature is now
totally impossible.  For this reason I think it is worthwhile to
provide a complete list of his psychedelic publications.  They are
well referenced, and can lead to much other psychedelic literature.

Shulgin crossed the diamond with the pearl and gave birth to all forms of
light: "It is early morning now.  Slothrop's breath is white on the air.
He is just up from a dream.  Part I of a poem, with woodcuts accompanying
the text - a woman is attending a dog show which is also, in some way, a
stud service.  She has brought her Pekingese, a female with a sickeningly
cute name, Mimsy or Goo-Goo or something, here to be serviced.  She is
passing the time in a garden setting, with some other middle-class ladies
like herself, when from some enclosure nearby she hears the sound of
her bitch, coming.  The sound goes on and on for much longer than
seems appropriate, and she suddenly realizes that the sound is her own
voice, this interminable cry of dog-pleasure.  The others, politely, are
pretending not to notice.  She feels shame, but is helpless, driven now by
a need to go out and find other animal species to fuck.  She sucks the
penis of a multicolored mongrel who has tried to mount her in the
street.  Out in a barren field near a barbed-wire fence, winter fires across
the clouds, a tall horse compels her to kneel, passively, and kiss his
hooves.  Cats and minks, hyenas and rabbits, fuck her inside automo-
biles, lost at night in the forests, out beside a waterhole in the desert.

"As Part II begins, she has discovered she's pregnant.  Her husband, a
dumb, easygoing screen door salesman, makes an agreement with her:
her own promise is never stated, but in return, nine months from now,
he will take her where she wants to go.  So it is that close to the end of
her term he is out on the river, and American river, in a rowboat, hauling
on the oars, carrying her on a journey.  The key color in this section is
violet.

"Part III finds her at the bottom of the river.  She has drowned.  But all
forms of life fill her womb.  'Using her as mermaid' (line 7), they trans-
port her down through these green river-depths.  'It was down, and out
again./  Old Squalidozzi, ploughman of the deep,/  At the end of his
day's sowing/  Sees her verdigris belly among the weeds' (lines 10-13),
and brings her back up.  He is a classically-bearded Neptune figure with
an old serene face.  From out of her body streams a flood now of dif-
ferent creatures, octopuses, reindeer, kangaroos, 'Who can say all the
life/  That left her womb that day?'  Squalidozzi can only catch a
glimpse of the amazing spill as he bears her back toward the surface.
Above, it is a mild and sunlit green lake or pond, grassy at the banks,
shaded by willows.  Insects whine and hover.  The key color now is
green.  'And there as it broke to sun/  Her corpse found sleep in the
water/  And in the summer depths/  The creatures took their way/  Each
to its proper love/  In the height of afternoon/  As the peaceful river
went....'"  Pynchon (1973, p. 446-447)

For reprints of Shulgin's publications, write to:

Alexander T. Shulgin
1483 Shulgin Road
Lafayette, CA  94549

Be merciful.  He is out of many of the older papers, and probably doesn't
have reprints of the longer review articles.  Don't request reprints of
articles that you can get at the library.  After each article I have
included a number.  These are the numbers that Shulgin uses to reference
his papers.  If you include these it will make it easier for him to
locate them.  I have the references in troff format.  For those not
familiar with this format, I include a list of the format commands.

\fI     start italics
\fG     start greek
\fR     end italics or greek
\u      shift up half line, begin superscript or end subscript
\d      shift down half line, begin subscript or end superscript
\s+2    increase point size by two
\s-2    decrease point size by two
\*'     accent on preceding letter
\*:     umlaut on preceding letter

.XP
Pynchon, Thomas.  1973.  Gravity's Rainbow.  The Viking Press, N.Y.  Pp. 760.
.XP
Shulgin, A. T., S. Bunnell, and T. Sargent.  1961.  The psychotomimetic
properties of 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine.  Nature 189: 10011-1012.  12
.XP
_____.  1963.  Psychotomimetic agents related to mescaline.  Experientia
19: 127.  19
.XP
_____.  1963.  Composition of the myristicin fraction from oil of nutmeg.
Nature 197: 379.  20
.XP
_____.  1963.  Concerning the pharmacology of nutmeg.  Mind 1: 299-302.  23
.XP
_____.  1964.  3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy amphetamine, a new
psychotomimetic agent.  Nature 201: 1120-1121.  29
.XP
_____.  1964.  Psychotomimetic amphetamines: methoxy 3,4-dialkoxyamphetamines
Experientia 20: 366.  30
.XP
_____, and H. O. Kerlinger.  1964.  Isolation of methoxyeugenol and trans-
isoelemicin from oil of nutmeg.  Naturwissenschaften 15: 360-361.  31
.XP
_____.  1965.  Synthesis of the trimethoxyphenylpropenes.  Can. J. Chem.
43: 3437-3440.  43
.XP
_____.  1966.  Possible implication of myristicin as a psychotropic substance
Nature 210: 380-384.  45
.XP
_____.  1966.  The six trimethoxyphenylisopropylamines
(trimethoxyamphetamines).  J. Med. Chem. 9: 445-446.  46
.XP
_____, T. Sargent, and C. Naranjo.  1966.  Role of 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamin
in schizophrenia.  Nature 212: 1606-1607.  48
.XP
_____, T. Sargent, and C. Naranjo.  1967.  The chemistry and psychopharmacolo
of nutmeg and of several related phenylisopropylamines.  \fIIn\fR D. H.
Efron [ed.]: Ethnopharmacologic search for psychoactive drugs.  U. S. Dept.
of H. E. W., Public Health Service Publication No. 1645.  Pp. 202-214.
Discussion: ibid. pp. 223-229.  49
.XP
_____, and T. Sargent.  1967.  Psychotropic phenylisopropylamines derived
from apiole and dillapiole.  Nature 215: 1494-1495.  50
.XP
Sargent, T. W., D. M. Israelstam, A. T. Shulgin, S. A. Landaw, and N. N.
Finley.  1967.  A note concerning the fate of the 4-methoxyl group in
3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine (DMPEA).  Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
29: 126-130.  52
.XP
Naranjo, C., A. T. Shulgin, and T. Sargent.  1967.  Evaluation of
3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) as an adjunct to psychotherapy.
Med. Pharmacol. Exp. 17: 359-364.  53
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1968.  The ethyl homologs of 2,4,5-trimethoxyphenylisopropyl-
amine.  J. Med. Chem. 11: 186-187.  54
.XP
_____, T. Sargent, and C. Naranjo.  1969.  Structure activity relationships
of one-ring psychotomimetics.  Nature 221: 537-541.  57
.XP
_____.  1969.  Recent developments in cannabis chemistry.  J. Psyched. Drugs
2: 15-29.  58
.XP
_____.  1969.  Psychotomimetic agents related to the catecholamines.
J. Psyched. Drugs 2(2): 12-26.  59
.XP
_____.  1970.  Chemistry and structure-activity relationships of the
psychotomimetics.  \fIIn\fR: D. H. Efron [ed.].  Psychotomimetic Drugs.
Raven Press, New York.  Pp. 21-41.  60
.XP
_____.  1970.  The mode of action of psychotomimetic drugs; some qualitative
properties of the psychotomimetics.  Neur. Res. Prog. Bull. 8: 72-78.  61
.XP
_____.  1970.  4-alkyl-dialkoxy-\fGa\fR-methyl-phenethylamines and their
pharmacologically-acceptable salts.  U. S. Patent 3,547,999, issued Dec. 15,
1970.  63
.XP
_____, T. Sargent, and C. Naranjo.  1971.  4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyliso-
propylamine, a new centrally active amphetamine analog.  Pharmacology
5: 103-107.  64
.XP
_____.  1971.  Chemistry and sources.  \fIIn\fR: S. S. Epstein [ed].
Drugs of abuse: their genetic and other chronic nonpsychiatric hazards.
The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.  Pp 3-26.  65
.XP
_____.  1971.  Preliminary studies of the synthesis of nitrogen analogs
of \fGD\fR\u\s-21\s+2\d-THC.  Acta Pharm. Suec. 8: 680-681.  66
.XP
_____.  1972.  Hallucinogens, CNS stimulants, and cannabis.  \fIIn\fR:
S. J. Mule/*' and H. Brill [eds.]: Chemical and biological aspects of
drug dependence.  CRC Press, Cleveland, Ohio.  Pp. 163-175.  67
.XP
_____.  1973.  Stereospecific requirements for hallucinogenesis.
J. Pharm. Pharmac. 25: 271-272.  68
.XP
_____.  1973.  Mescaline: the chemistry and pharmacology of its analogs.
Lloydia 36: 46-58.  69
.XP
_____.  1973.  The narcotic pepper - the chemistry and pharmacology of
\fIPiper methysticum\fR and related species.  Bull. Narc. 25: 59-74.
Le poivre stupe\*'fiant - chemie et pharmacologie du \fIPiper methysticum\fR
et des espe\*'ces apparente\*'es.  Bull. Stupe\*'fiants 25: 61-77.  70
.XP
_____, T. Sargent, and C. Naranjo.  1973.  Animal pharmacology and human
psychopharmacology of 3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyphenylisopropylamine
(MMDA).  Pharmacology 10: 12-18.  71
.XP
_____.  Drugs of abuse in the future.  Drug abuse in America Vol. 1.
pp. 209-236.  U.S.G.P.O. 5266-00004.  Reprinted: Clin. Tox. 8: 405-456.  72
.XP
Kalbhen, D. A., T. Sargent, A. T. Shulgin, G. Braun, H. Stauffer, N. Kusubov,
and M. L. Nohr.  1974.  Human pharmacodynamics of the psychodysleptic
4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine labelled with \u82\dBr.
IRCS (Int. Res. Comm. Sys.) 2: 1091.  73
.XP
Sargent, T., D. A. Kalbhen, A. T. Shulgin, H. Stauffer, and N. Kusubov.  1975
A potential new brain-scanning agent: 4-\u77\dBr-2,5-dimethoxyphenyliso-
propylamine (4-Br-DPIA).  J. Nucl. Med. 16: 243-245.  74
.XP
Shulgin, A. T., and M. F. Carter.  1975.  Centrally active phenethylamines.
Psychopharm. Commun. 1: 93-98.  75
.XP
Sargent, T., D. A. Kalbhen, A. T. Shulgin, G. Braun, H. Stauffer, and
N. Kusubov.  1975.  \fIIn vivo\fR human pharmacodynamics of the
psychodysleptic 4-Br-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine labelled with
\u82\dBr or \u77\dBr.  Neuropharmacology 14: 165-174.  76
.XP
_____.  1975.  The chemical catalysis of altered states of consciousness.
Altered states of consciousness, current views and research problems.
The drug abuse council, Washington, D. C.  Pp. 123-134.  77
.XP
_____.  1975.  Drug use and anti-drug legislation.  The PharmChem
Newsletter 4 (#8).  79
.XP
_____, and D. C. Dyer.  1975.  Psychotomimetic phenylisopropylamines.  5.
4-alkyl-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamines.  J. Med. Chem. 18: 1201-1204.  80
.XP
_____, and C. Helisten.  1975.  Differentiation of PCP, TCP, and a
contaminating precursor PCC, by thin layer chromatography.  Microgram 8:
171-172.  81
.XP
Helisten, C., and A. T. Shulgin.  The detection of 1-piperidinodydlohexane-
carbonitrile contamination in illicit preparations of 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)
piperidine and 1-(1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl)piperidine.  J. Chrom. 117:
232-235.  82
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1976.  Psychotomimetic agents.  \fIIn\fR: M. Gordon [ed.]
Psychopharmacological agents, Vol. 4.  Academic Press, New York.
Pp. 59-146.  83
.XP
_____.  1976.  Abuse of the term "amphetamines".  Clin. Tox. 9: 351-352.  84
.XP
_____.  1976.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  1.  DMT.  J. Psychedelic
Drugs 8: 167-168.  85
.XP
_____.  1976.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  2.  TMA-2.  J. Psychedelic
Drugs 8: 169.  86
.XP
_____, and D. E. MacLean.  1976.  Illicit synthesis of phencyclidine (PCP)
and several of its analogs.  Clin. Tox. 9: 553-560.  87
.XP
Nichols, D. E., and A. T. Shulgin.  1976.  Sulfur analogs of psychotomimetic
amines.  J. Pharm. Sci. 65: 1554-1556.  89
.XP
Sargent, T., A. T. Shulgin, and N. Kusubov.  1976.  Quantitative
measurement of demethylation of \u14\dC-methoxyl labeled DMPEA and TMA-2
in rats.  Psychopharm. Commun. 2: 199-206.  90
.XP
Standridge, R. T., H. G. Howell, J. A. Gylys, R. A. Partyka, and A. T.
Shulgin.  1976.  Phenylalkylamines with potential psychotherapeutic utility.
1.  2-amino-1-(2,5,-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)butane.  J. Med. Chem.
19: 1400-1404.  91
.XP
_____.  1976.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  3.  MMDA.  J. Psychedelic
Drugs 8: 331.  92
.XP
_____.  1977.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  4.  Harmaline.  J. Psychedelic
Drugs 9: 79-80.  93
.XP
_____.  1977.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  5.  STP.  J. Psychedelic Drugs
9: 171-172.  94
.XP
Nichols, D. E., A. T. Shulgin, and D. C. Dyer.  1977.  Directional lipophilic
character in a series of psychotomimetic phenethylamine derivatives.  Life
Sciences 21: 569-576.  95
.XP
Jacob, P. III, G. Anderson III, C. K. Meshul, A. T. Shulgin, and N.
Castagnoli Jr.  1977.  Mononethylthio analogues of 1-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)
2-aminopropane.  J. Med. Chem. 20: 1235-1239.  96
.XP
White, T. J., D. Goodman, A. T. Shulgin, N. Castagnoli Jr., R. Lee, and
N. L. Petrakis.  1977.  Mutagenic activity of some centrally active aromatic
amines in \fISalmonella typhimurium\fR.  Mutation Research 56: 199-202.  97
.XP
Braun, U., A. T. Shulgin, G. Braun, and T. Sargent III.  1977.  Synthesis
and body distribution of several iodine-131 labeled centrally acting
drugs.  J. Med. Chem. 20: 1543-1546.  98
.XP
Sargent, T. III, T. F. Budinger, G. Braun, A. T. Shulgin, and U. Braun.
1978.  An iodated catecholamine congener for brain imaging and metabolic
studies.  J. Nucl. Med. 19: 71-76.  99
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1978.  Psychotomimetic drugs: structure-activity
relationships.  \fIIn\fR: L. L. Iversen, S. D. Iversen, and S. H. Snyder
[eds.], Handbook of psychopharmacology, Vol. 11.  Plenum Press, New
York.  Pp. 243-333.
.XP
Sargent, T. III, G. Braun, U. Braun, T. F. Budinger, and A. T. Shulgin.
1978.  Brain and retina uptake of a radio-iodine labeled psychotomimetic
in dog and monkey.  Commun. Psychopharm. 2: 1-10.  101
.XP
Braun, G., A. T. Shulgin, and T. Sargent III.  1978.  Synthesis of
\u123\dI-labelled 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine.  J. Labelled
Comp. and Radiopharm. 14: 767-773.  102
.XP
Murdock, J. E., J. R. Patty, and A. T. Shulgin.  1978.  A novel illicit
amphetamine laboratory.  Microgram 11: 98-101.  103
.XP
Anderson, G. M. III, G. Braun, U. Braun, D. E. Nichols, and A. T. Shulgin.
1978.  Absolute configuration and psychotomimetic activity.  \fIIn\fR:
G. Barnett, M. Trsic, and R. Willette [eds.], QuaSAR Research Monograph 22.
N.I.D.A. Washington, D.C.  Pp. 8-15.  104
.XP
Braun, U., G. Braun, P. Jacob III, D. E. Nichols, and A. T. Shulgin.
Mescaline analogs: substitutions at the 4-position.  \fIIn\fR:
G. Barnett, M. Trsic, and R. Willette [eds.], QuaSAR Research Monograph 22.
N.I.D.A. Washington, D.C.  Pp. 27-37.  105
.XP
Partyka, R. A., R. T. Standridge, H. G. Howell, and A. T. Shulgin.  1978.
2-amino-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)butanes.  U.S. Patent 4,105,695, issued
Aug. 8, 1978.  106
.XP
Shulgin, A. T., and D. E. Nichols.  1978.  Characterization of three new
psychotomimetics.  \fIIn\fR: R. C. Stillman and R. E. Willette [eds.],
The psychopharmacology of hallucinogens.  Pergamon Press, New York.
Pp. 74-83.  107
.XP
Glennon, R. A., L. B. Kier, and A. T. Shulgin.  1979.  Molecular
connectivity analysis of hallucinogenic mescaline analogs.  J. Pharm.
Sci. 68: 906-907.  108
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1979.  Chemistry of phenethylamines related to mescaline.
J. Psychedelic Drugs 11: 41-52.  109
.XP
_____.  1979.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  6.  \fGa\fR,O-DMS.
J. Psychedelic Drugs 11: 247.  110
.XP
_____.  1979.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  7.  Mescaline.  J.
Psychedelic Drugs 11: 355.  111
.XP
Standridge, R. T., H. G. Howell, H. A. Tilson, J. H. Chamberlain, H. M.
Holava, J. A. Gylys, R. A. Partyka, and A. T. Shulgin.  1980.
Phenylalkylamines with potential psychotherapeutic utility.  2.  Nuclear
substituted 2-amino-1-phenylbutanes.  J. Med. Chem. 23: 154-162.  112
.XP
Braun, U., A. T. Shulgin, and G. Braun.  1980.  Centrally active
N-substituted analogs of 3,4-methylenedioxyphenylisopropylamine
(3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine).  J. Pharm. Sci. 69: 192-195.  113
.XP
Kantor, R. E., S. D. Dudlettes, and A. T. Shulgin.  1980.  5-methoxy-
\fGa\fR-methyltryptamine (\fGa\fR,O-dimethylserotonine) a hallucinogenic
homolog of serotonin.  Biol. Psychiat. 15: 349-352.  114
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1980.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  8.  psilocybin.
J. Psychedelic Drugs 12: 79.  115
.XP
Braun, U., A. T. Shulgin, and G. Braun.  1980.  Pru\*:fung auf
Aktivita\*:t und Analgesia von N-substituierten Analogen des Amphetamin-
Derivates 3,4-Methylendioxyphenylisopropylamin.  Arzneim. Forsch.
30: 825-830.  116
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1980.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  9.  LSD.
J. Psychedelic Drugs 12: 173-174.  117
.XP
_____.  1981.  Hallucinogens.  \fIIn\fR: M. E. Wolff [ed.], Burger's
medicinal chemistry.  Wiley & Co.  Pp. 1109-1137.
.XP
_____.  1981.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  10.  DOB.  J. Psychoactive
Drugs 13: 99.  119
.XP
_____, and M. F. Carter.  1981.  N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (DIPT) and
5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT).  Two orally active
tryptamine analogs with CNS activity.  Commun. Psychopharmacol.
4: 363-369.  120
.XP
Jacob, P., and A. T. Shulgin.  1981.  Sulfur analogues of psychotomimetic
agents.  Monothio analogues of mescaline and isomescaline.  J. Med. Chem.
24: 1348.  121
.XP
Domelsmith, L. N., T. A. Eaton, K. N. Houk, G. M. Anderson, R. A. Glennon,
A. T. Shulgin, N. Castagnoli, and P. A. Kollman.  1981.  Photoelectron
spectra of psychotropic drugs.  6.  Relationships between physical
properties and pharmacological actions of amphetamine analogues.
J. Med. Chem. 24: 1414.  122
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1981.  Chemistry of psychotomimetics.  \fIIn\fR:
F. Hoffmeister and G. Stille [eds.], Handbook of experimental pharmacology,
Vol. 55/III.  Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg.  Pp. 3-29.
.XP
_____.  1981.  Profiles of psychedelic drugs.  11.  Bufotenine.
J. Psychoactive Drugs 13: 389.  124
.XP
_____, and P. Jacob.  1982.  Potential misrepresentation of 3,4-methylene-
dioxyamphetamine (MDA).  A toxicological warning.  J. Anal. Tox. 6: 71.  127
.XP
_____, and P. Jacob.  1982.  1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3-aminobutane:
a potential toxicological problem.  J. Toxicol. - Clin. Toxicol. 19: 109.  12
.XP
Jacob, P., and A. T. Shulgin.  1983.  Sulfur analogues of psychotomimetic
agents.  2.  Analogues of (2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)- and (2,5-
dimethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)-isopropylamine.  J. Med. Chem. 26: 746.  130
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1983.  Twenty years on an ever-changing quest.  \fIIn\fR:
L. Grinspoon and J. B. Bakalar [eds.], Psychedelic Reflections.  Human
Sciences Press, New York.  131
.XP
Sargent, T., A. T. Shulgin, and C. A. Mathis.  1982.  New iodinated
amphetamines by rapid synthesis for use as brain blood flow indicators.
J. Lab. Cmpds. and Radiopharm. 19: 1307.  132
.XP
Jacob, P., and A. T. Shulgin.  1984.  Sulfur analogues of psychotomimetic
agents.  3.  The ethyl homologues of mescaline and their monothio analogues.
J. Med. Chem. 27: 881-888.  133
.XP
Sargent, T., A. T. Shulgin, and C. A. Mathis.  1984.  Radiohalogen-labeled
imaging agents.  3.  Compounds for measurement of brain blood flow by
emission tomography.  J. Med. Chem. 27: 1071-1077.  135
.XP
Repke, D. B., D. B. Grotjahn, and A. T. Shulgin.  1985.  Psychotomimetic
N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamines.  Effects of variation of aromatic
oxygen substituents.  J. Med. Chem. 28: 892.  136
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1985.  What is MDMA?  PharmChem Newsletter 14: 3
(May-June, #3).  137
.XP
Lemaire, D., P. Jacob, and A. T. Shulgin.  1985.  Ring substituted
beta-methoxyphenethylamines: a new class of psychotomimetic agents active
in man.  J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 37: 575.  138
.XP
Mathis, C. A., T. Sargent, and A. T. Shulgin.  1985.  Iodine-122 labeled
amphetamine derivatives with potential for PET brain blood-flow studies.
J. Nucl. Med. 26: 1295.  139
.XP
_____, _____, and _____.  1986.  Synthesis of 122-I and 125-I-labeled-
\fImeta\fR-dimethoxy-N,N-dimethyliodophenylisopropylamines.  J. Labelled
Comp. Radiopharm. 23: 115.  140
.XP
Shulgin, A. T., L. A. Shulgin, and P. Jacob.  1986.  A protocol for the
evaluation of new psychoactive drugs.  Methods and Findings in
Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology 8: 313.  141
.XP
Nichols, D. E., A. J. Hoffman, R. A. Oberlender, P. Jacob, and A. T.
Shulgin.  1986.  Derivatives of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-butanamine:
representatives of a novel therapeutic class.  J. Med. Chem. 29: 2009.  143
.XP
Mathis, C. A., A. T. Shulgin, Y. Yano, and T. Sargent.  1986.  \u18\dF-
labelled N,N-dimethylamphetamine analogues for brain imaging studies.
Appl. Radiat. Isot. 37: 865.  144
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1986.  The background and chemistry of MDMA.  J. Psychoactive
Drugs 18: 291-304.  145
.XP
Sargent, T. W., A. T. Shulgin, and C. A. Mathis.  1987.  Rapid brain
scanning pharmaceutical.  U. S. Patent 4,647,446.  146
.XP
McKenna, D. J., C. A. Mathis, A. T. Shulgin, T. Sargent, and J. M. Saavedra.
1987.  Autoradiographic localization of binding sites for \u125\dI-DOI,
a new psychotomimetic radioligand, in the rat brain.  Eur. J. Pharmacol.
137: 289-290.  147
.XP
Shulgin, A. T.  1987.  The 'social-chemistry' of pharmacological discovery.
Social Pharmacology 1: 279-290.  148
.XP
_____.  1987.  Reference information on MDMA.  Analog 9: #4 (page 10).  149
.XP
_____.  1988.  DIPT: the distortion of music.  Reality Hackers #6 (Winter
1988) p. 27.  152.
.XP
_____.  1988.  THE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT: A resource manual of the
current status of the federal drug laws.  383 pp., published in Lafayette,
California  94549  April 1988.  154
.XP
_____.  In press.  History of MDMA.  \fIIn\fR: S. Peroutka [ed.], MDMA:
"Ecstasy" and human neurotoxin?  Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA,
02061.


------end forwarded message----------


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92
Drugs / How to Grow Psilocybe Cubensis
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:45:36 pm »
            (:  How to Grow Psilocybe Cubensis in Your Own Home  :)

                   Brought to You by:  The Seeker (C) 1989

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  What do we need to grow magic mushrooms?  Well here is a list of all the necessary items to grow yn:

1) Fertile Psilocybe cubensis spores.
2) About twenty sterile plastic petri plates.
3) Malt-Agar medium.
4) Alcohol lamp containing methyl or grain alcohol.(Alcohol wipes do fine as well.)
5) Inoculating loop.(Wire bent in a loop with a handle is good.)
6) Agar knife.
7) Test tubes.  Filled one-third with grain ( birdseed ) and plugged with cotton.
8) Two lbs. of compost.  It should be cow manure, preferably leached, although you can also use natuod-based composts such as Douglas Fir mulch or pine mulch.
9) Casing soil.  It should be a bag of peat moss mixed with a cup of lime.
10) A big can of Lysol or other disenfectant.
11) A glass container at least 10 ounces or 300 ml which can be plugged with cotton, capped with alufoil and pressure-cooked.
12) Pressure cooker.  The smallest size, 10 1/2 liquid quarts, can be used, and it should have a pregauge.

Almost all of these items can be ordered by these companies:

Fungi Perfecti
P.O. Box 7634
Olympia, WA 98507
206-426-9292

Mushroom people
Box 159
Inverness, CA 94937
415-663-8504

HOMESTEAD  (They sell $50 mushroom kits.)
P.O. Box 31608
Seattle, WA 98103
206-782-4532

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

(: MATERIAL PREPARATION AND WORK SPACE :)

To begin, start with a clean table top, plastic or formica, in an area free from drafts.  Wipe the tith Lysol, and when doing transfer work, cover your nose and mouth with either a hankerchief orasria mask so you don't breathe germs onto the sterile media.

To insure sterile conditions, you may wish to use a transfer chanber.  A transfer chanber can eitherrchased or constructed out of simple materials, plywood, glass or plastic for the top, and a clt nrwy.  If cardboard is used, line the inside with aluminum foil to protect the chamber from brnngwhn ouuse the alcohol lamp.  The box need not be air tight, the idea is to prevent contamintio frm daft an breathing on the media.  The inside of the box should be wiped down with Lysol nd yur hnds hownbe ceaned with Lysol before putting them into the box.  Gloves may be used if yur hads ar senstive o strng chemicals.


(: STERILIZING MALT MEDIUM AND POURING :)

Next, we prepare the medium, or food substances, on which the mycelium will grow.  Place the malt-agium into your flask or bottle and add eight ounces, or 250 ml of water.  Stir or shake slightly Te lg the flask or bottle with cotton and cap it with a piece of aluminum foil.

Now put the flask into the pressure cooker on the rack or trivet provided with the cooker.  Turn on at and bring the cooker up to fifteen pounds.  Keep it there for twenty to twenty-five minutes. oio he process in order to keep the cooker at the proper pressure and to make sure you don't oerhet. Ate twenty minutes, turn the heat off and let it cool down to zero pressure naturally.  o nt rleae te pessure.

Wipe down your transfer area, either the table or chamber, and place the petri plates inside your chor on your table.  Using a mitten, take your flask out of the cooker and place it next to the ptipae.  Throw away the aluminum foil.  You are now ready to pour the medium into the plates.

Remove the cotton and grasp the flask with your mittened right hand.  With your left hand, take a peate and hold it slightly open.  Pour the medium into the plate, just covering the bottom surfac n hnclose the plate.  Repeat the process for nine more plates and set aside to cool.  Before yu o nt te ext step, you may want to let the plates sit for a few days to check for contaminatio.  f, fte tw das, you notice anything other than tannish-brown medium in the plate, discard tha plae.  ow yu ar reay to streak the plates with spores.

(: SPORE STREAKING :)

To keep spores fertile they should be stored in a cool, dry, dark place.  The spores should remain vfor at least six month, perhaps indefinitely.

Wipe your table or transfer chamber with Lysol; also wipe your hands.  You should have the petri disth cooled medium inside the area.  Light the alcohol lamp, and have your inoculating tool bent noalo and ready to use.  Remove the piece of paper containing spores and place it face up on th tbl.

Open one of the petri plates, holding the top right over the medium to prevent contamination.  Flamenoculating loop, then cool it by placing it in one part of the medium on the plate.  Scrape som prsof the paper with your loop and smear them in an 'S' configuration onto the medium in your eti lae. Imediately close the plate and proceed to the next one.  I recommend that you streak to t for pate.  ou want to save the rest for two reasons:
 
              1) The germination might not take.

              2) The plates might be contaminated.

If this happens, repeat the entire process.

(: INCUBATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CULTURES :)

Set aside your inoculated plates in a warm area, approximately 70 to 75 degrees F.  A heating pad or is useful for maintaining this temperature.

In ten days to two weeks, you should notice a snow-white, fluffy, cottony growth on your plates.  Ththe psilocybe mycelia.  In a few more days, it should develop long threads, ropey fibres reachigott he outside of the plate.  At the end of two to three weeks, the entire plate should be covre wthths ure-white mass.

Chances are you will have some contamination also.  Do not be discouraged; it's a common hazard and ason you work with more than one petri dish.  Contamination takes many forms.  The two most como r eicillium and neurospora, or bread mold.  Pencillium will appear as a dark green spot, the in yu eeonstale bread, and it can be dealt with in two ways:

              1) If the white mycelia overgrows it, you can flame your knife and cut out the contamiarea.

              2) Or, if the penicillium overruns your plate, it is wise to discard the entire petri
Neurospora is a grey-white hairy mass, darker than the psilocybe mycelia, of a type you also see on   This is a very strong fungus, if discovered discard the entire dish.

Other contaminants are dealt with in the same way, and if you wish to identify them we suggest you che photographs in 'Growing Wild Mushrooms' by Bob Harris.

(: TRANSFER AND ISOLATION OF PURE CULTURE :)

Again wipe down your transfer area, clean your hands, and light your alcohol lanp.  On the table youd have your petri plates grown out with mycelia and the other six plates which contain only meda Faethe knife, cool it in the unused media, and cut out a small section of mycelia.  Stab the mal iee f ycelia and place it in the middle of a plate containing only growing media and cover he ishquikly

Transfer these sections into three more dishes, and incubate again as indicated in the previous sectAllow a few weeks to grow out and you are ready to transfer to the spawn.  If you have any diffclyo ontamination, remember you have twelve dishes left that you haven't streaked yet, so if yo hveprblmsrepeat the streaking process and begin again.

If you have gotten this far, you isolated a pure culture, one that will be easy to maintain and makipossible to not having to return to spores for several generations.  You are now ready to starttesan

(: PREPARATION OF SPAWN :)

Our spawn medium can be rye or other grains, but I use a combination of milo and millet, commonly usbird seed.

Make sure your test tube is filled with one third grain.  Then add half again an amount of water.  P cotton back in the test tube, cover it with aluminum foil and place it on a trivet in your presr okr.  Follow the cooking procedure as indicated in the section sterilizing malt medium.

Take the test tube out of the cooker, shake up the grain inside and put it aside to cool.  Transfer celium from the petri plate to the grain in the same manner as indicated in the previous sectio. e sde the test tubes at 70 to 75 degrees F. to incubate.  After three to four days, shake up hegrininth tube and allow another seven or eight days for the mycelium to spread through the grin. One te gainis completely run through with fluffy, white mycelium, you are ready to use it t innculae th comost. If you notice anything that looks like contamination, begin again by inocuatinganothr tes tube

(: INOCULATION AND INCUBATION OF COMPOST :)

Break up the grain in the test tube eith by shaking it or using chopsticks, and spread the mixture ie compost.  You can inoculate and incubate the compost in a flower pot or plastic container.

An excellent method is to put the compost in a tray and place it in a fish tank with a loose lid.  Fsture and humidity control, put wet cat litter in the bottom of the tank.  The compost should b lgtywet, so that you can squeeze it in your hands and it will leave a faint mark on your hands  f ousqeee out water it is too wet and if you can't feel or see a mark on your hands it is toodry  I a eekto en days, the compost should be completely run through, full white, with mycelia. Maitaina colishtemprature, perhaps between 65 and 75 degrees F. for this process.  We keep it his col beause he myelia enerates a lot of heat when it grows out and heat will kill it.  You kow it' too wrm whe you ntice ayellowing of the mycelia and a yellow liquid around and through te growig media  That eans its dyingand you might have to begin again.

Some misting might be required to maintain moisture.  Once the mycelia is run through, spread a one-o one inch layer of casing soil on top of the compost.  This will induce fruiting.

(: FRUITING AND PICKING :)

Place the compost/casing mixture in a closet free from drafts but allowing some circulation.  Put ther a normal flourescent light and leave on a typical day/night schedule.  The lights can be lef ncniually although I don't recommend it, nor do I recommend incandescent lights.

Maintain a 65 to 75 degree F. temperature and keep the casing soil slightly moist as noted earlier we compost.  In a week to ten days, tiny pinheads will appear on the casing soil and will soon bgnt pout mushrooms.  At this point. the mushrooms will grow rapidly, just as it is not unusual o eea uly-prouted mushroom on your lawn almost overnight.

Wait until the caps break the veil and then pick, scooping them out from the bottom with a chopstick can wait until the cap flattens out and the mushroom gets bigger, but at this point the mushrom ilbgin throwing spores on the growing surface and this may inhibit later flushes.  Mushrooms holdspou fr about four or five days in abundance, then over the next week or ten days you will otie to t for mre flushes.  The mushrooms in these later flushes will be smaller and less abundnt. At tis pint our rowing medium is exhausted.

(: MAINTAINING THE CULTURE :)

You now have a basket of mushrooms and a pure culture in your petri dishes with which to grow again.if you have lost the culture, you can clone the mushrooms you have by taking flesh from it.  Thspoesis described in 'Growing Wild Mushrooms' by Bob Harris.



I hope you all have an electric ride and the walls melt like butter in a microwave with your home-grshrooms.

Now I would like to thank the people who made this file possible: HomeStead's Deluxe Shroom Kit, Ale of course Mother Nature! 



X-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-X
 Another file downloaded from:                     The NIRVANAnet(tm) Seven

 & the Temple of the Screaming Electron   Taipan Enigma        510/935-5845
 Burn This Flag                           Zardoz               408/363-9766
 realitycheck                             Poindexter Fortran   510/527-1662
 Lies Unlimited                           Mick Freen           801/278-2699
 The New Dork Sublime                     Biffnix              415/864-DORK
 The Shrine                               Rif Raf              206/794-6674
 Planet Mirth                             Simon Jester         510/786-6560

                          "Raw Data for Raw Nerves"
X-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-X


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93
Drugs / San Pedro Alkaloid Extraction
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:42:55 pm »
San Pedro Alkaloid Extraction For Dummies
by Murple
v 1.3 - Oct 2002
Note: The title is intended as a bit of tongue-in-cheek humor, and should not be taken to mean that this recipe is easy enough to follow without some basic knowledge of chemistry. You can die.

Introduction
This technique is based on information gleaned from K. Trout's canonical cactus tome, "Sacred Cacti," supplemented by suggestions from Alexander Shulgin, and a few real world observations by anonymous researchers. Using this technique, a non-chemist should be able to produce fairly pure alkaloid crystals from San Pedro cacti using common chemicals and household equipment. This technique is designed for simplicity and ease, and will not give the maximum possible yield nor the highest quality results. If you're after every last milligram of alkaloid or you want perfectly pure mescaline crystals, this is not the recipe for you. Of course, if you had the skills and supplies to go for such goals, you probably wouldn't be downloading "how to extract alkaloids" documents from the internet.

Supplies
The supplies needed for this extraction are fairly simple to find and quite cheap. In addition to the cacti, you will need xylene (available in the pain stripper department of your local hardware store under brand names such as Xylol). You will need a strong base such as sodium hydroxide. You will need an acid, such as citric acid (available as a pure powder, sometimes called "sour salt" and found in the kosher section, at many grocery stores) or hydrochloric acid (available from hardware stores as a driveway cleaner or muriatic acid), or even vinegar (which is dilute acetic acid). I would recommend using citric acid as it is much safer than hydrochloric acid. While you could probably use tap water, I would highly recommend using distilled water for all procedures.

As far as equipment, you will need at least large stainless steel pot, a pyrex baking pan, a large glass jar with a lid, some sort of straining cloth, and a good sized (1 liter) pyrex measuring cup. You will also need some kind of layer separator. A separatory funnel woul be ideal; you can make do with a turkey baster, eye dropper, or glass pipette, but these will take much more work. It may be possible to bypass the need for a separatory device by taking advantage of the freezing points of xylene and water (see discussion under step 2). A supply of pH papers is essential.

Do not use any plastic equipment for any steps involving the use of xylene, as the xylene will most likely extract some of the plastic. This could result in having undesirable plastic byproducts in the final extract, with unknown safety implications.

Step 1: Aqueous Extraction
First, you need to prepare a "tea" from your cacti. If using dried cactus, powder it. If using fresh cactus, chop it to small pieces and then puree it in a blender. At this point, it is a good idea to weigh your cactus and record the weight. This will be helpful further on in the process. Put the cactus in your stainless steel pot and cover with just enough water to make a soup. Add some acid to make the pH of the soup fairly acidic. If using citric acid, you want to add about 3 grams per liter of water. Boil the cactus about 20 minutes. If you use sufficiently acidic water, there is no need to boil longer than this. After boiling, strain out the cactus chunks (the marc) and save the liquid. You want to do three acidic water extractions on the cactus. Combine the 3 liquids and toss the marc on your compost pile or dispose of it in some other non-wasteful manner. If the volume of liquid you have is large, you may want to boil it down to a more managable quantity.

Step 2: De-Fatting
Once cooled, the next step is to de-fat the solution. This step will remove the fats and many other non-alkaloidal plant matter. Make sure the solution is acidic (pH 4 is good) before doing this. If the solution is acidic, the alkaloids will be in a salt form which is soluble in water but not in xylene. Pour the solution into a glass jar (or separatory funnel, if available). Add 25-50% of the solution volume in xylene. For example, if you have 200ml of solution, add 50-100ml of xylene. Put the lid on the jar and gently turn the jar over 50 to 100 times. Do not shake the mixture vigorously as this could result in emulsions that will be difficult to separate. (If you do end up with an emulsion layer, which looks like a thin layer of poorly separated bubbles, bathing the jar in hot water can help separate the emulsion. If the emulsion layer is thin enough, you may wish to just discard it rather than taking the time to let it separate.) Once mixed, let the jar sit and separate out into the different layers. When this is done, you will have a top layer of solvent, a middle fatty layer, and a bottom layer containing the acidic aqueous solution (and the alkaloids).

If you are using a separatory funnel, drain out the bottom aqueous layer and throw away the top two layers. Alternatively, use a turkey baster to siphon off the top two layers and discard them. (Make sure you dispose of all solvents safely! Do not flush it down the toilet if you have a septic tank. If pouring it down a sewer-connecting drain, make sure to wash it down with large amounts of water.) You will likely find that the turkey baster only gets off most of the solvent and fat layers. To get the thin layer that the turkey baster can't get, try this trick. Siphon off all of the remaining solvent and fat layers, as well as some of the top of the aqueous layer. Put this liquid into a tall thin glass container (a graduated cylinder or test tube, for example), and let it separate back into layers. Then, use an eye dropper to get off the solvent and fat layers, then add the remaining aqueous solution back to the main jar.

There is one other possibile approach to separating the layers. Because xylene freezes at -47.7 degrees Celsius, a separation can be done in the freezer. Put the container in the freezer and let it sit for a few hours until the water has frozen solid. The xylene can then be poured off and discarded. I do not know if this will work for defatting, as I do not know the freezing point of cactus fats. If the fats freeze at freezer temperatures, it may not be possible to pour them off with the xylene. This freezing technique can certainly be used later on in steps 4 and 5 to separate the xylene and water layers, however.

Repeat the de-fatting process two more times, or until you no longer get a fatty layer after separation. Make sure that you have good ventilation through the whole de-fatting process (or any time you are working with xylene). If you begin to feel light-headed or nauseous, or get a headache, go outside immediately and breathe fresh air until you feel better. Also, make sure there are no open flames or sparks as xylene is quite flammable.

Step 3: Basification
After de-fatting, slowly add sodium hydroxide to the aqueous solution until the pH is up around 10. Rather than adding dry sodium hydroxide, it may be wise to prepare a solution of sodium hydroxide in water, and add this. Be careful when mixing the sodium hydroxide and water, as the mixture will cause an exothermic (heat producing) reaction. Do not prepare the mixture in heat-sensitive containers. When working with sodium hydroxide, remember that it is a highly caustic material and can burn you badly. Avoid contact, especially with the yes, and if any gets on you wash the spot immediately with plenty of water. It is highly recommended that you wear protective gloves and goggles when working with sodium hydroxide or other hazardous chemicals.

Be aware that once you do this step, you need to continue the extraction at least up through the xylene extraction because leaving the alkaloids in a strongly basic solution will cause them to start breaking down after several hours. Making the solution basic turns the alkaloids into their free base forms, which are soluble in xylene.

Step 4: Extraction of Free Bases
Once the solution is basic, xylene using the same ratio as used during the de-fatting process. Again, mix the solution thoroughly but gently to avoid emulsions. Let the solution sit, and it will separate out into two layers. On the bottom will be a basic aqueous solution, and on the top will be a xylene layer which now contains the alkaloids. Using either a separatory funnel or a siphoning process, collect the xylene layer and set it aside. Since there will still be significant alkaloids in the aqueous layer, repeat this process two more times. Combine all the xylene and discard the remaining aqueous solution.

If you are using a separatory funnel, gas may be formed when adding xylene to the basic solution. To prevent pressure from building up and potentially leading to an explosion, vent the separatory funnel occasionally. If you are using a jar, you should remove the lid.

Step 5: Salt Formation and Extraction
The next step is to add acidic water to the xylene. This will cause the alkaloids to convert to their salt forms, which are soluble in water but not xylene. If using hydrochloric acid from the hardware store, it will already be diluted and may be usable as is. Read the label to find the concentration. One source says, "HCl from the hardware store is generally between 24%-36% HCl. This is far from dilute. Indeed, upon opening the container, a visible plume of white vapor can be seen creeping out of the bottle. First the lungs start to burn, then any skin which is exposed to the air starts to sting... This should be diluted, especially if it is going to be worked with without a fume hood. 20 drops acid per 500ml of water may even be sufficient."

If using vinegar (acetic acid), it comes quite diluted (around 5%) and should be used as is. It would probably be best to use plain white vinegar. I do not know what else is in vinegar other than water and acetic acid, but it is likely other chemicals remain from the original wine, and this may affect your final product. There should not be any harmful products from using vinegar, since it is a food-safe product, but you may not get nice crystals after evaporation.

If using citric acid (which is the recommended choice), prepare a solution of citric acid powder with a small amount of water. I recommend using citric acid because unlike hydrochloric acid, it is food-safe and safe to handle, and unlike either hydrochloric acid or vinegar, it is available in pure form. I have been told that using hydrochloric or acetic acid has the advantage that both are volatile and that excess will evaporate off, unlike citric acid. However, since neither are easily available in pure form, it is still probably better to use citric acid. Beware that if you do use hydrochloric acid and let it evaporate, the fumes can be hazardous and the evaporation should not be done where you might breathe in the vapors.

For this step, it is useful to have some idea how much alkaloid should be in your cactus extract. If you weighed your cactus before extraction. Trichocereus pachanoi has been analyzed with mescaline contents of 0.025-0.12% fresh weight (0.331-2.0% dry weight). Mescaline is usually around 50% or more of total alkaloid content. You will want to add an equimolar quantity of acid to the solution.

If you can't or don't want to estimate the alkaloid content, Trout gives the following work-around: add very small quantities of acidic water to the xylene, let separate, and then collect the water layer. Check the pH of the water, and it should be neutral. Repeat this with small batches of acidic solution until the water layers come out acidic. Trout points out that "Something to keep in mind is that neutralization won't always be immediate. pH should be checked after a few minutes to see how it is, adjusted if needed and rechecked a few minutes later."

If you are using citric acid and you are not worried about having citric acid powder in the final product, you can just add enough acidic water to make the solution slightly acidic, and repeat this once or twice, then combine the extracted water layers. As citric acid is both food-safe and a solid powder, this is a sloppy but safe approach. Shulgin suggests that this may be a better approach than stopping when the water layers stop coming out neutral: "My gut feeling is that there may be quite a bit of alkaloid still in the xylene, and maybe a couple of extracts with more aqueous acid would be useful. True, it may load the product down with excess citric acid, but the increased yield might be worth it."

However you approach it, after the acidification and water extraction step, discard the xylene. Again, make sure to dispose of it in a safe manner.

Theoretically, this step could be skipped entirely, and you could just let the xylene evaporate. This would leave behind mescaline (and the other alkaloids) in free bas form, which is an oil. This is not recommended however, as mescaline oil is highly caustic and it would burn your skin to touch it. Since its an oil, it would also not be possible to put into capsules. Perhaps you could put the oil into some acidic fruit juice and safely drink it, but it is still preferable to go through this step to produce a salt form. Perhaps it may even be smokable, though I know of no reports of anyone trying to smoke (or vaporize, rather) free base cactus alkaloids. The boiling point for mescaline free base is around 180 degrees Celsius. One final concern is that free base mescaline oil may not have the shelf life of a salt.

Step 6: Evaporation
Finally, pour the water into a large pyrex baking pan. Set it in a protected location to evaporate. Let it evaporate slowly at room temperature rather than using heat, as this will give you a better chance of producing nice crystals. After the water has fully evaporated, scrape up the crystals (or whatever solid mass you end up with) and put them in capsules or a vial for storage.

Keep in mind that when measuring doses, there are a few things to consider. First, your extract will contain all the alkaloids from the cactus, not just the mescaline. Second, depending on what acid you used in step 5, you will have different salts of the alkaloids. For example, if you used citric acid, you will have mescaline citrate (as well as citrate salts of the other alkaloids). If you used vinegar, you will have mescaline acetate. If you used muriatic acid you will have mescaline hydrochloride. The doses of each will be slightly different, due to the different molecular weights of the different acids. Because of these factors, you will need to figure out the potency of your material before you can weigh doses accurately.

Conclusion
Do make sure that you follow all safety instructions religiously. Failure to excersize caution can easily lead to harm and even death. To stress this point even further, I will close with some comments from Trout:

    "It seems like it does not matter how many times you tell some people things, lots of them decide what THEY think is really important and items like solvent exposure and not using plastics or solvents stored in plastics (or even the use of slow and careful heating) get forgotten whenever it is not convenient to follow the instructions.

    Its very distressing how careless some people are. Worse, people like this often expose not just themselves but family, children and pets with no thought or concern.

    You would not believe some of the letters I have gotten. Some of them I almost can't shred fast enough.

    I'm sadly coming to believe that a simple citrate tea (lime not lemon) or else dried outer flesh consumed as powder are the only safe approaches the general public is capable of handling responsibly."

Source Materials
Fletch. Private e-mail. December 7, 2001.
Shulgin, Alexander. Private e-mail. November 24, 2001.
Trout, K. "Sacred Cacti." Second edition, 1999: Chapters 4, 6 and 10.
Trout, K. Private e-mail. December 1, 2001.


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94
Drugs / Psychological Effects of LSD
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:40:51 pm »

                          The Psychological Effects of LSD

                                   
                                   
                                    Marc Anderson

                                   Psychology 101

                                    July 28, 1992

           
            Introduction

               LSD has always been a  center of controversy in  American
            society, often times  because people  have been  miseducated
            about  its  effects   or  exposed  to   media  bias.     Its
            physiological effects on the brain and body have become more
            and more apparent in the last  few decades when research  in
            neuroscience peaked.  The psychological effects of LSD  have
            been often difficult to describe  and document very well  --
            they were first  discovered on  April 16,  1943 by  research
            chemist Albert  Hofmann  when a  small  amount of  the  drug
            soaked through his fingers during  a routine synthesis.   He
            experienced an imaginative dream-like  state for a  duration
            of about 2-3  hours (Hofmann, 1983).   Since  then, a  great
            deal of work has been done attempting to document the health
            effects of LSD.

           
            Acute Effects

               LSD is very potent:   the effective  dose is measured  in
            micrograms (ug)  -- however,  the lethal  dose is  literally
            thousands of times  that, making the  drug essentially  non-
            toxic.   There  have  been only  a  few  cases  of  possible
            overdose where people  ingested extremely  large amounts  of
            the drug (Allen et al., 1978; Griggs et al., 1977).

               LSD can  be  administered  a number  of  ways,  the  most
            common:  orally through  paper, sugar cubes,  on a piece  of
            gelatin, or by pill;  intravenously; or intramuscularly.   A
            standard dose  with  noticeable  hallucinogenic  effects  is
            about 100-200 ug.  The intensity of the trip is proportional
            to the  size of  the  dose --  it  is interesting  to  note,
            though, that the duration of the trip seems to stay the same
            at higher doses (Freedman, 1984).  The initial effects begin
            20-40 minutes  with  a  sense  of  euphoria  and  dizziness.
            Hallucinations then begin  to occur, with  the trip  peaking
            for 4-5 hours after about an  hour since the drug is  taken.
            LSD is best described as a drug that strikes down  barriers.
            The person  who uses  LSD is  likely to  feel detached  from
            his/her ego, and can cross between states of  consciousness.
            The user's  perceptions  are  altered,  causing  visual  and
            auditory hallucinations.  One may  notice that the walls  of
            room are "breathing" or  that motionless curtains appear  to
            be moving.  Senses appear to  mix:  a user might see  music,
            taste colors, or hear visual stimuli.  The LSD experience is
            often difficult to describe by  users -- words lose  meaning
            and are often insufficient in describing the effects of  the
            drug; thoughts may  seem unclear.   Effects taper off  after
            about 6-8  hours and  are usually  completely gone  after  a
            nights sleep.

               The user's  mood is  likely to  change depending  on  how
            he/she feels at various stages of the trip.  The outcome  of
            the  trip  is  almost   always  dependent  on  two   primary
            variables:  the set  and the setting.   The set refers to  a
            user's expectations  of the  drug's effects  and the  user's
            state-of-mind.  The setting is the environment in which  the
            drug is  taken.   If  an  inexperienced user  takes  LSD  in
            stressed condition or in  a bad mood,  a bad experience  may
            occur.    By  the  same  token,  taking  LSD  in  a  chaotic
            environment like  a  noisy  rock  concert  could  turn  into
            trouble for someone unsure of the drugs effects.  When users
            on LSD become frightened or enter a state of panic, they can
            usually be relieved or "talked down" by a friend.  With this
            in mind, probably the best way to use LSD would be in  one's
            home with several trusting supportive friends.

               The following  is a  fairly  long, but  very  informative
            account of one  of the first  documented LSD  trips done  by
            Albert Hofmann in 1943:

                 "4/19/43 16:20:   0.5  cc  of 1/2  promil  aqueous
                 solution of diethylamide  tartrate orally=0.25  mg
                 tartrate.  Taken diluted  with about 10 cc  water.
                 Tasteless.

                 17:00:  Beginning  dizziness, feeling of  anxiety,
                 visual distortions, symptoms of paralysis,  desire
                 to laugh.

                 Supplement of 4/21:  Home by bicycle.  From 18:00-
                 ca.20:00  most  severe   crisis.    (See   special
                 report.)

                          *         *          *          *

                      Here  the  notes  in  my  laboratory  journal
                 cease.  I was  able to write  the last words  only
                 with great effort.  By now it was already clear to
                 me that LSD had been  the cause of the  remarkable
                 experience of the previous Friday, for the altered
                 perceptions were of the same type as before,  only
                 much more intense.   I  had to  struggle to  speak
                 intelligibly.   I asked  my laboratory  assistant,
                 who was informed of the self-experiment, to escort
                 me home.    We  went  by  bicycle,  no  automobile
                 available because of wartime restrictions on their
                 use.   On  the way  home,  my condition  began  to
                 assume threatening forms.  Everything in my  field
                 of vision wavered and was distorted as if seen  in
                 a curved  mirror.   I also  had the  sensation  of
                 being unable to move from the spot.  Nevertheless,
                 my assistant later  told me that  we had  traveled
                 very rapidly.   Finally, we arrived  at home  safe
                 and sound, and I was just barely capable of asking
                 my companion  to  summon  our  family  doctor  and
                 request milk from the neighbors.

                 [...]

                      The  dizziness  and  sensation  of   fainting
                 became so strong at times  that I could no  longer
                 hold myself erect, and had to lie down on a  sofa.
                 My surroundings had now transformed themselves  in
                 more terrifying ways.  Everything in the room spun
                 around, and  the familiar  objects and  pieces  of
                 furniture assumed  grotesque,  threatening  forms.
                 They were in  continuous motion,  animated, as  if
                 driven by an  inner restlessness.   The lady  next
                 door, whom I scarcely recognized, brought me  milk
                 -- in the course of the evening I drank more  than
                 two liters.  She was no longer Mrs. R., but rather
                 a malevolent, insidious witch with a colored mask.

                      Even worse than these demonic transformations
                 of the outer  world, were the  alterations that  I
                 perceived in  myself, in  my inner  being.   Every
                 exertion of my will, every  attempt to put an  end
                 to the disintegration of  the outer world and  the
                 dissolution of  my  ego,  seemed to  be  a  wasted
                 effort.    A  demon  had  invaded  me,  had  taken
                 possession of my body, mind,  and soul.  I  jumped
                 up and screamed, trying  to free myself from  him,
                 but then sank down again  and lay helpless on  the
                 sofa.   The  substance,  with which  I  wanted  to
                 experiment, had vanquished me.   It was the  demon
                 that scornfully  triumphed over  my will.   I  was
                 seized by the  dreadful fear of  going insane.   I
                 was taken to another world, another place, another
                 time.   My body  seemed to  be without  sensation,
                 lifeless, strange.   Was I  dying?   Was this  the
                 transition?   At times  I  believed myself  to  be
                 outside my body, and then perceived clearly, as an
                 outside  observer,  the  complete  tragedy  of  my
                 situation.   I  had not  even  taken leave  of  my
                 family (my  wife,  with  our  three  children  had
                 traveled  that  day  to  visit  her  parents,   in
                 Lucerne).  Would they  ever understand that I  had
                 not experimented thoughtlessly, irresponsibly, but
                 rather with the  utmost caution, and  that such  a
                 result was in  no way  foreseeable?   My fear  and
                 despair intensified,  not  only  because  a  young
                 family should lose its father, but also because  I
                 dreaded leaving my  chemical research work,  which
                 meant so much  to me, unfinished  in the midst  of
                 fruitful,   promising   development.       Another
                 reflection took  shape,  an idea  full  of  bitter
                 irony:  if I  was now forced  to leave this  world
                 prematurely, it was because of this lysergic  acid
                 diethylamide that I myself had brought forth  into
                 the world.

                      By the time the doctor arrived, the climax of
                 my despondent condition  had already  passed.   My
                 laboratory assistant informed  him about my  self-
                 experiment, as  I  myself  was  not  yet  able  to
                 formulate a coherent sentence.  He shook his  head
                 in perplexity, after my  attempts to describe  the
                 mortal danger that threatened  my body.  He  could
                 detect no abnormal  symptoms other than  extremely
                 dilated pupils.  Pulse, blood pressure,  breathing
                 were all normal.   He saw  no reason to  prescribe
                 any medication.  Instead he conveyed me to my  bed
                 and stood watch over me.  Slowly I came back  from
                 a weird, unfamiliar  world to reassuring  everyday
                 reality.  The  horror softened and  gave way to  a
                 feeling of good  fortune and  gratitude, the  more
                 normal perceptions  and thoughts  returned, and  I
                 became more confident that the danger of  insanity
                 was conclusively past.

                      Now, little by little I could begin to  enjoy
                 the unprecedented colors and plays of shapes  that
                 persisted behind my  closed eyes.   Kaleidoscopic,
                 fantastic images  surged  in on  me,  alternating,
                 variegated, opening and then closing themselves in
                 circles  and   spirals,   exploding   in   colored
                 fountains, rearranging and hybridizing  themselves
                 in constant flux.  It was particularly  remarkable
                 how every acoustic perception,  such as the  sound
                 of a door handle  or a passing automobile,  became
                 transformed into optical perceptions.  Every sound
                 generated a vividly changing  image, with its  own
                 consistent form and color.

                      Late in  the evening  my wife  returned  from
                 Lucerne.  Someone  had informed  her by  telephone
                 that I was suffering a mysterious breakdown.   She
                 had returned home  at once,  leaving the  children
                 behind with her parents.  By now, I had  recovered
                 myself sufficiently to tell her what had happened.

                      Exhausted,  I  then  slept,  to  awake   next
                 morning refreshed, with a clear head, though still
                 somewhat tired physically.   A sensation of  well-
                 being  and   renewed  life   flowed  through   me.
                 Breakfast   tasted   delicious    and   gave    me
                 extraordinary pleasure.  When I later walked  into
                 the garden, in  which the  sun shone  now after  a
                 spring rain, everything glistened and sparkled  in
                 fresh light.  The world  was as if newly  created.
                 All my senses vibrated  in a condition of  highest
                 sensitivity, which persisted for the entire  day."
                 (Hofmann, 1983).


            Chronic Effects
               
               The long-term effects  of LSD use  can be  both good  and
            bad.  There are cases of people who claim to have had  their
            entire lives turned around, for the better, due to LSD  use.
            On the other hand, some people have been hospitalized by so-
            called "LSD psychosis."  In the late 1960s, several  studies
            indicated possible chromosome breakage due to LSD use.  Some
            people report experiencing "LSD  flashbacks" -- brief  vivid
            repetitions of a previous LSD experience.

               The effects of LSD  are very strong  and profound.   Many
            people have claimed  to have discovered  their inner  selves
            under the influence  of LSD.   One  interesting analogy  was
            made by  Professor  Jeffrey M.  Blum  of the  University  of
            Buffalo School of Law:

                 "The problems posed by  LSD, for example, in  some
                 ways resemble  those  presented by  scuba  diving.
                 Each is seen as a  form of exploration that  opens
                 new vistas.   Hence  participants often  find  the
                 activity  enormously  stimulating  and  inspiring.
                 Each activity poses a  small but significant  risk
                 of serious personal harm, these being death in one
                 and aggravation of  pre-existing states of  mental
                 instability   for   the    other.       Untrained,
                 unsupervised  use  of   unchecked  substances   or
                 equipment are ill-advised in both cases."   (Blum,
                 1990)

            LSD also has shown to have  therapeutic usefulness.  It  has
            been successful  in  treating some  forms  of  schizophrenia
            (Hoffer, 1970).   Another  study  found notable  success  in
            treating terminally-ill cancer patients:  two-thirds of  the
            subjects  showed  positive  change  in  anxiety,   emotional
            tension, psychological  isolation, fear  of death,  and  the
            amount of  pain medication  needed  (Pahnke et  al.,  1970).
            Studies that have  shown LSD useful  in treating  alcoholism
            and  other   addictions  are   contradictory  and   may   be
            inconclusive.    Pahnke's  group  (1970)  reported  moderate
            success in  treating  alcoholism, but  Ludwig  (1970)  found
            less-than-encouraging results.    It's  important  to  note,
            though, that  both of  these studies  used vastly  different
            treatment styles and dosages of the drug.

               Some users of LSD experience what is clinically  referred
            to as LSD psychosis, schizophrenic-like disorders that  seem
            to be  triggered by  using the  drug.   However, in  careful
            analysis of LSD  psychosis patients, it  appears that  those
            who have  strong  family  histories of  major  psychosis  or
            psychopathology are more  vulnerable than those  who do  not
            (Tsuang et al., 1982).  Vardy et al. (1983) reported similar
            findings, as well as that LSD psychotics have  significantly
            higher rates of parental alcoholism than control groups.  In
            a survey of  five-thousand individuals  who had  used LSD  a
            total of twenty-five-thousand times, Cohen (1960) found  1.8
            psychotic episodes  per thousand  ingestions, 1.2  attempted
            suicides, and 0.4 completed  suicides -- figures  consistent
            with the those of the general population.  Regarding dangers
            of psychosis  in  therapeutic uses  of  LSD, Pahnke  et  al.
            (1970) notes:

                 "Since 1963 at  the Spring  Grove State  Hospital,
                 and  now  at  the  Maryland  Psychiatric  Research
                 Center, over 300 patients  have been treated  with
                 LSD   without   a   single   case   of   long-term
                 psychological   or    physical    harm    directly
                 attributable to the treatment, although there have
                 been  two   post-LSD   disturbances   which   have
                 subsequently responded to conventional treatment."

            Bad reactions to LSD are  almost certainly dependent on  the
            user.   It  is  becoming  increasingly  easier  to  diagnose
            schizophrenics clinically  as  patients  suffering  physical
            disorders -- these  people should be  very cautious, if  not
            completely avoidant  of  truly powerful  psychoactive  drugs
            like LSD.   There are another  class of people  who use  LSD
            irresponsibly,  ignoring  important  factors  like  set  and
            setting --  bad  reactions,  more acute  then  chronic,  are
            likely to occur here as well.

               Really the only serious  physiological concern about  LSD
            use has been that it may cause chromosome damage -- this was
            first reported by Cohen et al. in 1967.  These findings were
            seldom replicated, and  were contradicted  by other  studies
            (Loughman et al., 1967; Bender et al., 1968; Pahnke,  1970).
            In 1977, Maimon  Cohen, one  of the  invesigators who  first
            reported this a decade  earlier, stated that no  conclusions
            could be drawn  based on  existing evidence  (Cohen et  al.,
            1977).

               The phenomena of LSD flashbacks has been over-sensualized
            by the media for many years.  Flashbacks are associated with
            highly emotional experiences and often happen to people  who
            have never  used  psychedelic  drugs.    A  frightening  war
            memory, being  raped,  or  even  getting  married,  can  all
            trigger  flashbacks  quite  some  time  later.    Thus,   an
            emotional experience  on  LSD  can  also  cause  flashbacks.
            Flashbacks also occur due to post-traumatic stress disorder,
            associated with victims of disaster and extreme violence  --
            it is estimated  that 1% of  the general population  suffers
            from this ("Journey for Better Life," 1992).
           
           
            Conclusion
               
               LSD is a very potent drug,  but is physically quite  safe
            and non-toxic.    Its  effects  include  mild  euphoria  and
            anxiety,  altered  perceptions,  and  the  ability  to  pass
            between states of consciousness.  Visual hallucinations  are
            the most noticeable by users.   The acute effects taper  off
            as time progresses and are usually gone by the next morning.

               Chronic effects of the drug can be positive and negative.
            Positive  effects  include   spiritual  contact  and   self-
            exploration; the most severe negative effect is known as LSD
            psychosis.  LSD  has shown to  have therapeutic  usefulness,
            although research  has been  severely limited  for the  last
            several decades.  LSD psychosis has been linked to forms  of
            schizophrenia, and thus, to some physiological disorders  --
            it appears to be dependent on the user, and not on the drug.

           
            References Cited
           
            Allen, R.M. &  Young, S.J.   (1978):   Phencyclidine-induced
               psychosis.  Am. J. Psychiatry.  135:1081-1083.

            Bender, L.  &  Siva  Sankar,  D.V.    (1968,  16  February):
               Chromosomal damage not  found in  leukocytes of  children
               treated with LSD-25.  Science.  159:749.

            Blum, J.  (1990):   Letter to Judge  John L. Elfvin;  United
               States District Court.

            Cohen, M.M.,  Hirschhorn,  K.  & Frosch,  W.A.    (1967,  16
               November):    In vivo and   in vitro  chromosomal  damage
               induced by LSD-25.  NEJM.  277:1043-1049.

            Cohen, M.M. & Shiloh, Y. (1977-1978):  Genetic toxicology of
               lysergic  acid  diethylamide   (LSD-25).     Mutat.  Res.
               47:183-209.

            Cohen, S.    (1960):   Lysergic  acid  diethylamide:    side
               effects and complications.  Journal of Nervous and Mental
               Disease.  130:30-40.

            Freedman, D.X.   (1984):   LSD:   The bridge  from human  to
               animal.    In:     Jacobs,   B.L.  (Ed.)   Hallucinogens:
               Neurochemical,  Behavioral,  and  Clinical  Perspectives.
               New York:  Raven Press.

            Griggs, E.A. & Ward, M.  (1977):  LSD toxcity:  A  suspected
               cause of death.  J. Ky. Med. Assoc.  75:172-173.

            Hoffer, A.  (1970):   Treatment of psychosis  with LSD.   In
               Gamage,  J.R.  &  Zerkin,   E.L.     Hallucinogenic  Drug
               Research.  Beloit, Wisconsin:  Stash Press.

            Hofmann, A.   (1983):   LSD -- My  Problem Child.  (J.  Ott,
               Trans.)  Los Angeles:  J.P. Tarcher.

            Journey for better  life hell for  some women.   (1992,  Feb
               18):  LA Times.  pg. A3.

            Loughman, W.D., Sargent, T.W. & Israelstam, D.M.  (1967,  27
               October):  Leukocytes of humans exposed to lysergic  acid
               diethylamide:   lack  of chromosomal  damage.    Science.
               158:508-510.

            Ludwig, A.    (1970):   LSD  treatment in  alcoholism.    In
               Gamage,  J.R.  &  Zerkin,   E.L.     Hallucinogenic  Drug
               Research.  Beloit, Wisconsin:  Stash Press.

            Pahnke, W.N., Kurland, A.A., Unger,  S., Savage, C. &  Grof,
               S.  (1970):   The experimental  use of psychedelic  (LSD)
               psychotherapy.     In  Gamage,   J.R.  &   Zerkin,   E.L.
               Hallucinogenic Drug Research.  Beloit, Wisconsin:  Stash
               Press.

            Tsuang,  M.T.,  Simpson,  J.C.,  &  Kronfol,  Z.     (1982):
               Subtypes  of  drug  abuse  with  psychosis.    Arch.  Gen
               Psychiatry.  39:141-147.

            Vardy, N.M. &  Kay, S.R.   (1983):   LSD  psychosis or  LSD-
               induced schizophrenia?   A multi-method  inquiry.   Arch.
               Gen. Psychiatry.  40:877-83.

            Wesson, D.R.  &  Smith,  D.E.    (1976):    An  analysis  of
               psychedelic flashbacks.     Am. J.  Drug  Alcohol  Abuse.
               3:425-435.

https://cdn.preterhuman.net/texts/drugs/psychoeff.drg
95
Drugs / HOW TO GROW PRIMO SENSIMILLION
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:38:50 pm »
                         HOW TO GROW PRIMO SENSIMILLION
                    BY The Folically Challenged White Dude
                          at Damage Incorporated


Get Started

Get some pot seeds. If you haven't started now get too it. Lots of people
save their pot seeds on a tray they stole from a cafeteria or a frisbee
of course. No need to pay them for them. Tell them they are for a friend.
People get busted because they tell a friend in strict confidence, who
tells a friend in strict confidence etc etc.

Pot Seeds

You cannot judge a pot seed by it's cover.  Squeeze a seed gently and if
it breaks, it was harvested before the seeds matured. Get as large of a
variety of seeds as possible.  Seeds from dirt weed look sometimes just like
the seeds of primo killer mo-jo weed, so get a large variety of seeds. Try
not to mix them together.  Lots of time people will save seeds from
especially killer weed.  Just get them already.

Get Some Containers to Start the Seeds in.

When you buy small flowers to plant outdoors at a garden store, save the
6-pack plastic trays they come it. Perferrably with the plastic tray still
underneath.  Tell the neighbors who ask that you're going to start some
pepper plants or something if you bum off others.

Another excellent container is the 2 liter bottle with cut in half at the
waist. These are free, a good way to recycle, and work well even for large
plants. You can get tons on recycling day if your city recycles, or you
can go to an apartment complex and raid the dumpsters. Don't jump in one
though because it may be full of bees, body parts, baby shit, or diabetic
hypodermic needles from a gay nazi elvis fan who has aids.

Get some dirt.

Get a large bag of top soil (not potting soil from Kmart). Get top soil at
like a farm store the first time. Hyponex is shitty and overpriced and it
turns into mud too easily. You want soil with balls. Use Bagged commercial
soil for starting seeds. Wild dirt (from outside your house) is bad because
it has bugs in it.  Weed is very pest resistant and you will never have to
spray chemicals on weed to protect it from pests other than maybe soap and
water to rinse a few bugs off sometime.  However, very young seedlings are
VERY fragile. The worst enemy of seedlings is those little bugs that roll
into a ball when you touch them.  They are harmless to plants, probably
beneficial to healthy plants, but they will bite the base of a seedling
and topple it over like a little DEA lumber jack. Very bad. Get a big bag
of soil from a garden store or farm market. NOT hyponex MUD.

Drainage

It's better if you allow SOME drainage from your seed starting containers.
If you use 2 liter bottles cut in half at the waist, poke a hole in the
bottom of each container by STABBING it violently with a sharp screw driver.
A screw driver with the tip ground into a sharp point works great!
If you use the regular seed starter things try using very small holes in
the bottom tray which may already be there.

Sprinkle in the dirt gently.

Fill the seed starter containers with dirt, very gently, by sprinkling the
dirt into the pots or seed starter things by holding you hand over top
of the container and gently letting the dirt fall slowly and evenly into
place. No need to pack the dirt, but you should sprinkle the dirt in
such a way to break up any dirt clods or clumps before letting them fall
into the containers.  Don't fill them completely.

Make holes for the seeds.

Use a pencil. Perferabbly a number two pencil that says "Property Of The
Federal Government" or a regular one if you can't get on of those. Poke
a small hole into the soil in each seed container, maybe three holes
if you are using 2 liter bottles.
Make each hold no deeper than than an inch. A good way is to use a sharp
pencil, and poke it into the soil until the soil is even with the place
where the raw sharp wood ends and the yellow paint begins, which is
about an inch. No rocket science required here.

Drop in the seeds.

Drop one, (if it's for sure killer diller shit) two or three seeds into
each hole. Make sure your hands are dry first. A folded piece of paper
may help if you have a ton of seeds to plant, letting the seeds roll down
like a chute.  If you miss don't panic.

Cover the seeds.

Again with the dirt, sprinkle a final thin covering of fine soil (no giant
clods or turds this time please) over the entire thing so the dirt looks
even and you can't see any of the seeds.

Water them before putting on the covers.

Water them good, but don't have them floating either. You want sufficient
humidity but you don't want them to drown either. A even sprinkle with a
watering can works great, an atomizer will take all fucking day.

Put on the covers.

Cover the seed starting kit with it's hard plastic cover. You may poke a few
holes in the cover if you want so you can sprinkle water on top later and
have water slowly drip down inside.
If using two liters cut in half at the waist, cover them with saran wrap and
put a piece of masking tape around to hold it down tight. Poke two or
three small holes in the plastic with your magic pencil thing. So you
can water them later without removing the plastic.

Where do you set them.

In the sun or partial sun is best, under a flouresent light is good too.
Regular incandescent light (bulbs) is too fucking hot.
AND ON THE DIRT, OR A TRAY TO CATCH THE DRIPPING WATER of course.
Do NOT let them dry out.  (if they're too wet mold will form)


Get some good lights.

High Pressure sodium lights, or metal halide lights work great. Try a
400watt or smaller high pressure sodium or metal halide lighting setup.
You can order them from mail order companies cheaper than you can buy
them at the downtown electrical supply house.

In a pinch, you can line a closet size area with tin foil and stand as
many AND AS LONG (long is better) flourescent fixtures everywhere you
can.

People that grow primo pot indoors use High Pressure Sodium lights, which
are those street lights that are orange in color. Or Metal Halide which
a few bucks cheaper but just as good probably. Metal Halide lights are
white in color but better qulity light than the average street light.
Get a light that's 400 watts or less.  Use care in constructing a grow
room and you would do good to consult good books on the subject by
Ed Rosenthal (books by phone berkeley california, call 1-800-infromation
operator to get the Books by phone address etc.)

Never use regular incandescent light bulbs (regular screw in) those little
screw in grow lights they sell at Kmart suck too. Don't waste your money,
use flourescents if you can't afford the good stuff.

Air ventilation

Get a small cheap fan so you always have a small amount of air circulating
in your grow area.

Air ventilation, safety and other stuff.

If you grow indoors with big lights, you need safe air ventilation to
suck heat out of the room. Don't blow up your house for christs sake.
A thermostat controlled exhaust fan will work. Get one thrrough the
mail from a indoor gardening mail order speciality place. There's a good
one that's in East Lansing michican, another one in Shepherdsville Kentucky.

Light timers.

Get ones big enough to handle the power you are using.

For growing plants, leave the lights on 24 hours a day.

For flowering plants YES! use a timer so it's dark 12 hours and light
for 12 hours.

Fertilizer

Use Rapid-Gro
Fertilizer has 3 numbers on the label
First number - Middle Number - last number

For strong healthy growth when the lights are on 24 hours a day to
see how big the plants can get, use a fertilizer with a high
first number. 19-19-19 is good. etc.

For strong flowers (buds) when the lights are on 12 and off 12 hours, use
a fertilizer with a high MIDDLE number. 12-17-12 something like that.

Rapid-gro fertilizer has been specially formulated for growing pot plants.
This is no secret to pot farmers. They're high middle number fertilizer
is called. Bud builders or something like that.

Security

Need to know basis. People who are stoned always tell their friends about
their buddies grow room including location and everything.  This is
way pot growers are so fucking paranoid, they can't even trust themselves.
Don't kill anybody I guess is the rule to follow.  If you're a hillbillly
ignoramous you probably wouldn't be able to read this though.

When to fertilize.

Try using regular water one watering and fertilized water the next one.
Mix fertilzed water with one giant tablespoon per gallon (milk jug) of
water.  Water when the soil is dry and begins to crack slightly. Water
more when starting small plants.

Get them as big as possible.

When they start to grow you may have to move them to bigger containers.
However you can grow pot using fertilizer in surprising small containers,
although they may get a little top heavy after a while.  A can of house
paint would be an ideal container size. Don't use metal containers though.
Wait until they are root bound before transplanting.  Avoid transplanting
seedlings because they are VERY VERY fragile.  Let the plants grow as
big as possible giving them as much light as possible.  Grow as many as
possible.

Tell them to BUD YES YES!

When you have tons of plants growing like a fucking vietnamese jungle, it's
time to bud them. Keep a watch out for buds even before you take them off
24 hours of light and put them on 12/12 light/dark.
When you're ready to start buds, the big giant leaves will have started to
turn brown and falling off a little bit. Now is the time to put the light
timers on 12/12 light/dark and begin to use a high middle number fertilizer.
When giant leaves begin to fall off help them off. Save these "sun" leaves
to smoke with your drunken buddies. 
A few days after you adjust the lights to 12/12 and the fertilizer to high
middle number, they will start to bud.  You are now ready to murder
half of your plants.

Kill the males.

When you notice any plant develop male reproductive organs, cut it down by
cutting the trunk at the base with big wire cutters.  DO NOT shake the
plant, make one clean cut and remove it gently and put it in the bottom
of a distant closet on newspapers or something to dry out.  Male sex organs
on male plants are like little tiny bags that contain polen (plant sperm)
that is carried by the winds when the male sex organs get mature or dry out.

Carefully check the plants daily. Half the plants will be female. When you
think it's time to harvest (don't ask how long, they will tell you) begin
with the less beautiful females.  Females have beautiful white flowers.
Let the healthiest most killer looking females grow as long as possible
and harvest VERY slowly starting with the less healthy less big budded
females.  Short Squat females are best for indoors. Tall is hard to manage.
Pot plants range in height from 2 feet (hybrids and central asian) to
like 18 feet for good mexican weed.

Save a few of the best females for your personal stash. Clip only one
healthy bud at a time.  Cut the bud up with sizzors and lay it in the
bottom of a clean wooden dresser drawer to dry.  If you find a seed
in your weed PLANT IT!

Pretty soon people will come over all the time to bum weed. Kill them if
possible. When you run out you will learn who your real friends are.

This is for information purposes only (or course)








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https://cdn.preterhuman.net/texts/drugs/primo.txt
96
Drugs / POISON A-Z
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:22:04 pm »

     |_____________      |_____________      |_____________      |_____________
O////|____________/ O////|____________/ O////|____________/ O////|____________/
     |                   |                   |                   |


                              GBIG Bad BARBARIANH

                                    4presents5

                             POISON A-Z


_____________|      _____________|      _____________|      _____________|
\____________|\\\\O \____________|\\\\O \____________|\\\\O \____________|\\\\O
             |                   |                   |                   |


     Credit:  This file is based on the article "The Mystery Reader's
     Pharmacopoeia" by Rodger J. Winn, M.D..  The article appeared in
     MURDER INK (Workman Publishing Company, Inc.), an excellent book
     edited by Dilys Winn (his daughter, maybe, I dunno.)

     Disclaimer:  If you use the information in this file to kill somebody
     and get caught, and then decide to tell the judge that it was my
     fault, good.  Go ahead.  Judges just LOVE losers like you who think
     that everybody is responsible for your actions except yourself.  You
     tell him that, and he'll probably tack another 10 years to your 60
     year jail sentence.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

     AMANITA PHALLOIDES (Mushrooms) - This kind of mushroom is
     distinguishable from its non-lethal, tasty twin AGARICUS CAMPESTRIS by
     its tiny white scales and warts.  You can cook amanita without
     detoxificating it at all, so it is quite easy to serve this baby up to
     somebody without arousing suspicion.  You've got 12 hours to head down
     to Mexico before your victim gets hit with relatively mild nausea,
     vomiting and diarrhea.  These won't be too bad for another day or so,
     when they will become bad enough that he will seek medical assistance.
     But by then it may be too late, and death by circulatory collapse may
     have occurred.  If not, then in 3 or 4 days his skin will turn yellow
     from liver deterioration, and how long can you live without a liver?

     ARSENIC - A classic toxin, sometimes called "inheritance powder",
     because it's often used by families to snuff out Granny so they can
     inherit her money before the hospital bills consume it.  It is a
     white, tasteless, odorless powder sold in the form of compounds such
     as ant paste or weed killer.
          If the victim is to die quickly, 1 gram of this substance will do
     the job.  In 3 or 4 hours, the victim lays deathly ill, puking and
     shitting all over the place, and in 1 to 3 days he will die from
     cirulatory collapse.
          For a slower, lingering death, feed your victim extremely small
     doses of arsenic on a daily basis.  Gradually, the victim gets weaker,
     starts losing his hair, his skin roughens and white ridges appear on
     his nails (Aldrich-Mees lines.)  The symptoms then increase to include
     multiple nerve paralysis, hoarseness and a hacking cough.  Numbness
     and coldness creep up the victims limbs and, over a matter of years,
     they become completely paralyzed.  This method may backfire, because
     if the doses are too small, the victim's body then has a chance to
     build up a tolerance to arsenic, and becomes practically immune to the
     poison.  In some cases, a would-be arsenic victim has swallowed
     arsenic for the first time, and had no effect from it.  Rasputin, for
     example, was naturally immune to arsenic.

     CARBON MONOXIDE - You Nazis can just skip over this section because
     you know all about this.  Carbon monoxide is a tasteless, odorless gas
     that attaches itself to the body's hemoglobin to the point that the
     blood cannot carry oxygen to body cells, and the body simply
     suffocates.  Beginning symptoms are headaches, giddiness, shortness of
     breath from exertion, and tinitus (ear ringing).  The lack of oxygen
     to the brain then causes a sort of drunken state, which means that
     even if the victim knows that someone is trying to fuck him over, he's
     too wasted to do anything about it.  Even if the victim doesn't die,
     amnesia from the oxygen deprivation will prevent him from identifying
     his assassin.  The latter stage of the poisoning is marked by a
     cherry-red discoloration of the skin, and a breathing disorder called
     the Cheyne-Stokes pattern sets in.  This is a pattern of 30 seconds of
     no breathing followed by 6 to 8 rapidly increasing deep breaths, and
     the cycle turns over.  After this, there remains only convulsions,
     unconsciousness, a fever of 108o and then death, usually within 48
     hours.  If not, then probably between 3 to 8 days later the grim
     reaper will at last harvest the victim's life.  Even if the victim is
     hardy enough to recover after all this, he will probably turn
     psychotic!
          Carbon monoxide can be produced from a number of sources:
     smoldering coke or charcoal, a low-lit hibachi grill, and of course,
     an automobile exhaust pipe.

     CURARE - This is derived from something called CHRONDRODENDRON
     TOMENTOSUM.  Curare works only as an injection, because digestion is
     supposed to be harmless.  I wouldn't take it either way, myself.
     Curare affects the human body by impairing the communication of nErve
     impulses to the muscles, causing paralyzation.  Within minutes the
     victim starts coughing a little and his face flushes.  The poison
     works from head to toe, so the eyEs will droop as the first sign of
     paralysis, followed by the inability to swallow or speak.  When the
     diaphragm is frozen, the lungs can NO longer respirate, and
     suffocation causes death before any other significant symptoms can
     occur.
          Curare is ideal for assassination, because it is extremely hard
     to detect.  However, if it is detected, the victim can be saved by an
     1-ampule injection of prostigmin.

     CYANIDE - Cyanide works by rending oxygen in blood unusable by the
     body.  A person who takes cyanide will have difficulty breathing, but
     will turn bright pink from an abundance of unused oxygen.  Cyanide can
     be derived from bitter almonds and peach and apricot pits.  In fact,
     cyanide poisoning can be detected by almond-breath, as well as the
     skin discoloration.  The antidote is an amyl nitrite pearl

     HEROIN - Almost any illegal drug can be used to kill, but heroine is
     particularly lethal.  Heroine is usually cut or diluted with quinine
     and sugars, but pure heroine is poison.  Even a hardened junkie
     couldn't handle that.  If a junkie normally takes a lot of heroine,
     then cuts back for awhile, a large injection of cut heroine, even a
     dosage size he's tolerated in the past, will be an overdose.
          Unconsciousness is instantaneous from a heroine overdose; O.D.'s
     have often been found with the needle still in their arm.  Coma
     occurs, and breathing slows to about 2 to 3 respirations per minute.
     The pupils pinpoint, blood pressure plummets causing the skin to grow
     cold and clammy, and as blood supply to the brain disappears the
     pupils yawn wide open as death wraps its fingers around the victim.

     NERVE GAS - This encompasses several poisons, including Tabun, Sarin
     (T-46), Soman, DFP (DCP), all of which work pretty much the same way.
     These are typically odorless and colorless, and can be either inhaled
     or absorbed by the skin.  These poisons break down acetylcholine, a
     neural transmitter to the muscles, which causes hyperexcitability.
     Symptoms are a runny nose, wheezing, tightness in the chest,
     salivation, light intolerance, paralysis and death.
          Atropine is an antidote, but while EARLY Nazi gases took up to 20
     minutes to work, newer gases work so quickly that antidote
     administration is somewhat impractical.

     STRYCHNINE - This poison is used as for sadism and torture as much as
     IS FOR murder.  Onset time is a mere 15 minutes, at which time the
     victim is racked with horrendous, muscular convulsions, the kind that
     pick you up off your feet, and contort your limbs until your bones
     snap.  When the victim's spasms subside, just gently nudge him to set
     them off again.  Death by strychnine poisoning is NOT a nice way to
     go.

     THALLIUM - Banned in the United States in 1965, this rat poison may
     still be available in other parts of the world.  Like other poisons,
     this too is odorless and tasteless, which makes it fine to blend with
     sugar or salt or any kind of food.  This stuff takes awhile to work; 3
     to 4 days after consumption is when it takes effect.  At first, there
     is diffuse pain and constipation, dark pigmentation around hair roots,
     and psychological disturbances.  During the second week after
     consumption, the victim starts losing all body hair (except for
     eyebrows and pubies), and the skin turns dry and scaly.  There are
     heart palpatations, paralysis and blindness.  Death occurs due to
     pneumonia and lung congestion.
          Thallium is like arsenic, in that it can be administered slowly,
     in several small doses over many months.

     WARFARIN - Another rat poison, but this one is legal here in the U.S..
     Its effect on the body is that is interferes with the bloodclotting
     system.  The victim shows signs of bleeding in the form of nosebleeds,
     gum bleeding, bruises, bloody urine, and bloody stool.  There's one
     problem with warfarin, or benefit, depending on how you look at it.
     It only effects humans in extremely large doses.  But it does mix well
     with porridge or stew, and multiple doses may be employed.
          The antidote is large doses of vitamin K.

RXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRXRX

          A doctor's bag contains many substances which are not intended as
     poison, but can certainly be used for that purpose.  Here are a but a
     few potential medical toxins.

     AMPHETAMINE - Speeds up metabolism.

     BARBITURATE - Slows the metabolism.

     BUBBLE - Yes, a bubble of air.  Injected into the bloodstream, a large
     one can cause a heart attack.

     CALCIUM - Causes kidney failure, which causes coma, resulting in
     death.

     INSULIN - Lowers the level of blood sugar, resulting in convultions
     and death.

     OXYGEN - This removes the body's drive to breath.  This causes
     emphysema and results in carbon dioxide narcosis.

     POTASSIUM - Gradually reduces the heartbeat to about 0 beats per
     minute.

RIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPRIP

Look for my other savage files, especially 22 WAYS TO KILL A MAN WITH YOUR BARE
HANDS, MONEY LAUNDERING, and CARD CHEATS.

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https://cdn.preterhuman.net/texts/drugs/poisons.txt
97
Drugs / Nutmeg FAQ
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:19:47 pm »
                                      Nutmeg FAQ
                                     

          This is the nutmeg factfile, compiled by me. Currently it contains
          the following excerpts about nutmeg and its effective constituent,
          myristicin. Each excerpt begins with + sign in the first column.
          File contains ^L's (formfeeds) to facilitate its printing on the
          printers which have about sixty lines per page.

          Feel free to add more information to this file.

            ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, Part VII Micropedia.
              General information about nutmeg, but mentions nothing about
              its psychoactive properties. (Why ?)

            DORLAND'S ILLUSTRATED MEDICAL DICTIONARY.
            MACMILLAN DICTIONARY OF TOXICOLOGY.
            ILLUSTRATED CHURCHILL'S MEDICAL DICTIONARY.
            INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY.
            UUSI TIETOSANAKIRJA (in Finnish and in English).
            MARTINDALE THE EXTRA PHARMACOPOEIA TWENTY-NINTH EDITION.
              These tell some chemical and medical facts about myristicin
              and related substances.

            BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1970 1, 21 March 1970, page 754.
            NEW YORK STATE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, February 1, 1969, pages 463-465.
              Two interesting case studies about the nutmeg intoxication
              and references.

            THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF ADDICTION, Vol.53, No.2.
              And finally, some information by William Burroughs.


          + ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, Part VII Micropedia:

            nutmeg, spice consisting of the seed of the Myristica fragrans,
            a tropical, dioecious evergreen tree native to the Moluccas
            or Spice Islands of Indonesia. Nutmeg has a characteristic,
            pleasant fragrance and slightly warm taste; it is used to
            flavour many kinds of baked goods, confections, puddings,
            meats, sausages, sauces, vegetables, and such beverages as
            eggnog. Grated nutmeg has been used as a sachet; the Romans
            used it as incense.

            Around 1600 it became important as an expensive commercial
            spice of the Western world and was subject of Dutch plots
            to keep prices high and of English and French counterplots
            to obtain fertile seeds for transplantation. The nutmegs
            sold whole were dipped in lime to prevent their growth.

            The tree is cultivated in the Moluccas and the West Indies
            principally, and elsewhere with varying success. The trees
            may reach about 65 feet (20 metres) tall. They yield fruit
            8 years after sowing, reach their prime in 25 years, and bear
            fruit for 60 years or longer. The stands on the Moluccas
            thrive in the shade under groves of lofty trees. The nutmeg
            fruit is a pendulous drupe, similar in appearance to an apricot.
            When fully mature it splits in two, exposing a crimson-coloured
            aril, the mace, surrounding a single shiny,
            brown seed, the nutmeg. The pulp of the fruit may be eaten
            locally. After collection, the aril-enveloped nutmegs are
            conveyed to curing areas where the mace is removed, flattened
            out, and dried. The nutmegs are dried gradually in the sun and
            turned twice daily over a period of six to eight weeks. During
            this time the nutmeg shrinks away from its hard seed coat
            until the kernels rattle in their shells when shaken. The
            shell is then broken with a wooden truncheon and the nutmegs
            are picked out. Dried nutmegs are grayish-brown ovals with
            furrowed surfaces. Large ones may be about 1.2 inches long
            and 0.8 inch in diameter.

            Nutmeg and mace contain 7 to 14 percent essential oil,
            the principal components of which are pinene,
            camphene, and dipentene, all having the empirical formula
            C10H16. Nutmeg on expression yields about 24 to 30 percent
            fixed oil called nutmeg butter, or oil of mace, the principal
            component of which is trimyristin, C45H86O6. The oils are
            used as condiments and carminatives and to scent soaps and
            perfumes. An ointment of nutmeg butter has been used as a
            counterirritant and in treatment of rheumatism.

            The name nutmeg is also applied in different countries
            to other fruits or seeds: the Jamaica, or calabash, nutmeg
            derived from Monodora myristica; the Brazilian nutmeg from
            Cryptocarya moschata; the Peruvian nutmeg from Laurelia
            aromatica; the Madagaskar, or clove, nutmeg from Ravensara
            aromatica; and the California, or stinking, nutmeg from
            Torreya californica.


          + DORLAND'S ILLUSTRATED MEDICAL DICTIONARY:

            myristic acid
              trivial name for tetradecanoic acid, the 14-carbon,
              straight-chain unsaturated fatty acid.
            Myristica
               a genus of trees of tropical
              countries. M. fragrans Houtt. (Myristicaceae), the nutmeg
              tree, is the source of myristica. M. ocuba is the source
              of ocuba wax.
            myristica
              nutmeg; the dried ripe seed of Myristica fragrans Houtt.
              (Myristicaceae) deprived of its seed coat and arillode and
              with or within a coating of lime. It is the source of nutmeg
              oil, which is used as a flavoring agent in pharmaceutical
              preparations. It has stimulating aromatic, carminative,
              and psychomimetic (sp? psychotomimethic?) properties.
              (carminative = flatulence relieving.)
            myristicene
              a fragrant eleopten, C10H14, from nutmeg (myristica) oil.
            myristicol
              a stearopten, or camphor, C10H16O, from nutmeg (myristica) oil.
            myristin
              chemical name: glyceryl trimyristate, C3H5(C14H27O2)3, found
              in spermaceti and many vegetable oils and fats, especially
              coconut oil and fixed nutmeg (myristica) oil.


          + MACMILLAN DICTIONARY OF TOXICOLOGY:

            myristicin
              A naturally occurring methylenedioxyphenyl compound found in
              nutmeg. It has been suggested that myristicin may be
              responsible, in whole or in part, for the toxicity of nutmeg.
              The spice (5-15g) causes symptoms similar to atropine
              poisoning: flushing of skin, tachycardia, absence of
              salivation, and excitation of the central nervous system.
              Euphoria and hallucinations have given rise to abuse of this
              material. As a methylenedioxyphenyl compound, myristicin
              gives rise to a type III spectrum with reduced cytochrome
              P-450 and can inhibit monooxygenations catalyzed by this
              cytochrome. See also AMPHETAMINES; CYTOCHROME P-450, OPTICAL
              DIFFERENCE SPECTRA; HALLUCINOGENS.


          + ILLUSTRATED CHURCHILL'S MEDICAL DICTIONARY (page 1227) and
          + INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY (page 1868)
            (These have exactly the same text.)

            myristicin

              A toxic, crystalline, safrole derivative present in star
            anise, parsley seed oil, and nutmeg oil. When ingested in
            large quantities, it can cause convulsions, hallucinations,
            tachycardia, and possibly death.

          + UUSI TIETOSANAKIRJA 14 sivu 342 (in Finnish)

            Myristisiini, 5-metoksi-safroli, C11H12O3, kellert{v{,
            voimakkaan hajuinen, veteen liukenematon, alkoholiin ja
            eetteriin liukeneva |ljy, sulamisp. < -20 C, kiehumap. 149.5 C
            (15 mm:n paineessa). M:a on persiljassa sek{ muskottikukissa
            ja -p{hkin|iss{.

            My humble translation to English:

            Myristicin, 5-metoxy-safrole, C11H12O3, a yellowish,
            strong-odoured oil, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and
            in ether, melting point < -20 degrees centigrade, boiling point 149.5
            degrees centigrade (in 15 mm. pressure ?). There is myristicin in
            parsley, in mace and in nutmeg.


          + MARTINDALE THE EXTRA PHARMACOPOEIA TWENTY-NINTH EDITION:

          4679-n

            Nutmeg
            Muscade; Myristica; Noz Moscada; Nuez Moscada; Nux Moschata.

            Pharmacopoeias. In Egypt., Port., Span., and Swiss. In
            B.P.C. 1973 which also includes Powdered Nutmeg.

            The dried kernels of the seeds of Myristica Fragrans
            (Myristicaceae).

          4678-d.

            Nutmeg Oil (BAN, USAN).
            Atherisches Muskat|l; Esencia de Nuez Moscada;
            Essencia de Moscada; Essence de Muscade; Myristica Oil;
            Oleum Myristicae.

            CAS 0 8008-45-5.

            Pharmacopoeias. In Arg., Aust., and Br. Also in U.S.N.F.

            A volatile oil obtained by distillation from nutmeg. It is
            colourless, pale yellow or pale green liquid with an colour
            and taste of nutmeg. It is available as East Indian Nutmeg
            Oil and West Indian Nutmeg Oil.
            East Indian oil is soluble 1 in 3 of alcohol (90%), West
            Indian 1 in 4. Store at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees
            in well-filled airtight containers. Protect from light.

            STANDARD FOR NUTMEG OILS. British Standard Specifications
            for East Indian and West Indian Nutmeg Oil (BS 2999/37/38: 1971)
            are published by the British Standards Institution.

            Adverse Effects
            Nutmeg, taken in large doses may cause nausea and vomiting,
            flushing, dry mouth, tachycardia, stimulation of the central
            nervous system possibly with epileptiform convulsions, miosis,
            mydriasis, euphoria, and hallucinations.

            Within 4 hours of taking 28 g of nutmeg in water and orange
            juice, a 19-year-old woman felt cold and shivery. This was
            followed after 6 to 8 hours by severe vomiting accompanied by
            hallucinations. For a week she had poor concentration and was
            disorientated. The hallucinogen in nutmeg was believed to be
            myristicin. - D. J. Panayotopoulos and D. D. Chisholm (letter),
            Br. med. J., 1970, 1, 754. A similar report. - R. A. Faguet
            and K. F. Rowland, Am. J. Psychiat., 1978, 135, 860.

            Within 3 days of receiving ground nutmeg 9 teaspoonfuls daily
            to control the diarrhoea associated with nodullary carcinoma
            of the thyroid, a patient complained of dry eyes and mouth,
            blurred vision, dizziness, tingling, and feelings of
            depersonalisation and remoteness. The symptoms gradually
            subsided as the dose was reduced. - G. S. Venables et al.
            (letter), Br. med. J., 1976, I, 96.

            Ingestion of freshly ground nutmeg 1.5 to 4 g three to four
            times daily for 2 days by 2 subjects produced constipation,
            but no aspirin-like effect on biphasic platelet aggregation
            was noted. Both subjects also felt light-headed, slightly
            disorientated, occassionally nauseated, flushed, and had
            nasal congestion and very dry mouths; pupil size was
            unaffected. - W. H. Dietz and M. J. Stuart (letter),
            New Engl. J. Med., 1976, 294, 503.

            Uses and Administration
            Nutmeg and nutmeg oil are aromatic and carminative and are
            used as flavouring agents. Nutmeg oil and expressed nutmeg oil,
            a solid fat, are rubefacient. Nutmeg is reported to inhibit
            prostaglandin synthesis.

            Reports of diarrhoea associated with increased
            plasmaprostaglandin concentrations responding to treatment
            with nutmeg: J. A. Barrowman et al., Br. med. J., 1975,
            3, 11; idem (letter), 160; I. Shafran et al. (letter), New
            Engl. J. Med., 1977, 296, 694.


          + BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1970 1, 21 March 1970, page 754:

               Hallucinogenic Effect of Nutmeg

            Sir, - A patient tells us it is common knowledge among the
            drug-taking and hippie sub-culture that taking nutmeg is a
            potent way of taking a "trip". The hallucinogen in nutmeg
            is believed to be myristicin.

            An intelligent 19-year-old female with a hysterical
            personality took one ounce of nutmeg in water and orange
            juice. She had five fays previously taken L.S.D. with very
            little effect. She had also experimented with cannabis, but the
            only noticeable effect of this was that she developed a dry
            mouth. In contrast to this the effects of nutmeg were marked.
            At first she felt no effect, but after four hours she felt
            cold and shivery. Six to eight hours later she was vomiting
            severely. She saw faces and the room appeared distorted, with
            flashing lights and loud music. She felt a different person
            and everything seemed unreal. Time appeared to stand still.
            She felt vibrations and twitches in her limbs. When she shut
            her eyes she saw lights, black creatures, red eyes and felt
            sucked into the ground. Her mood was one of elation. She
            was taken by her friends to be seen by one of us (D.P.) as an
            emergency. She was admitted and quickly fell into a sound sleep.
            For the next week, however, she felt that she was walking in
            a cloud and complained that her thinking was confused and she
            found it difficult to follow what people were saying. Her
            concentration seemed poor and lapses of attention were noticed.

            The clinical features of this case have much in common with
            the effects of nutmeg ingestion previously reported (1). The
            physical symptoms were unpleasant, and the girl states that
            she would not take nutmeg again because of these. In her case
            vomiting was the most severe physical side-effect. Severe
            physical collapse following ingestion of nutmeg occurs (2).
            A dose of 10-15 g. however is required before acute intoxication
            occurs (3). Despite the side-effects, however, it is probable
            that with the increased drug-taking among young people more cases
            of nutmeg intoxication will come to medical attention.
            -We are, etc.,
                               D. J. PANAYOTOPOULOS.
                                     D. D. CHISHOLM.
             Ross Clinic, Aberdeen.

            REFERENCES

            1 Fras, I., and Friedman, J. J.,
               New York State Journal of Medicine, 1969, 69, 463.
            2 Shulgin, A. T., Nature, 1966, 210, 380.
            3 Truit, E. B., jun., Duritz, G., and Ebersberger, E.M.,
               Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine,
               1963, 112, 647.


          + NEW YORK STATE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, February 1, 1969, pages 463-465

              Hallucinogenic Effects of Nutmeg in Adolescent

              Ivan Fras, M.D., Binghamton, New York
              Joseph Joel Friedman, M.D., F.A.C.P., Binghamton, New York

              Child Psychiatrist (Dr. Fras), Director (Dr. Friedman),
              Broome County Mental Health Clinic.

            The household spice, nutmeg, has been known to have psychotropic
            effects. These have been described in varying details by a
            number of reports in the literature. Even authors who do not
            accord them much prominence, such as Payne, (1) do mention them.
            It is generally assumed that the active psychotropic substance
            is myristicin. The inability to imitate nutmeg intoxication
            with synthetic myristicin has given rise to speculation that
            other substances of the volatile oil obtained from the nutmeg
            seed, Myristica fragrans, may also be factors. (2)
              Weiss (3) has reported in detail the psychic experiences
            of adult prison inmates following the ingestion of powdered
            nutmeg. Nutmeg has been mentioned as one of the substances now
            prominent in illegal or quasi-legal use among adolescents. (4)
            There are no detailed reports about the use of this substance
            by adolescents.

            Case report

              The following is an account of the experiences of an
            eighteen-year-old student who ingested half a can (one fourth
            of a teacup) of commercially available nutmeg. His girl friend
            who was present throughout this experience did not partake of
            the nutmeg. He had taken marihuana on several occassions before
            that and had experienced vivid imagery under its influence.
            About two weeks had elapsed between the last time he had taken
            marihuana and the time he took nutmeg. The latter substance
            was taken partly out of curiosity (he had heard about its
            effect "by the grapevine"), but mainly because marihuana was
            not then available. Fifteen to twenty minutes after taking
            nutmeg, a teaspoon at a time, and flushing it down with
            Coca Cola, "things went funny." He felt "as if he had stayed
            awake for two days without sleeping" and "things started to
            look unreal" to him. His head shook back and forth, and when
            somebody said something to him, he could not see the connections
            between the sentences. He said he remembered that he "spoke up
            and nobody understood him" either.

              About one and a half hours after the ingestion, he started
            feeling "as though he had drunk fifty cups of coffee." He
            "could not stop shaking," he "was giggling," he "was saying
            stupid things," things he would not have said otherwise. His
            friend became aware of the change in him.  The patient
            remembered she asked him whether or not he felt all right.
            "Peoples' voices appeared to come out of a porthole above my
            head." He "felt a tingling" in his hands, and presently his
            "whole body felt numb." Friends laid him down on the floor,
            and he remained there for some time. Finally he opened his
            eyes, looked at the lights on the ceiling, and felt they were
            cylinder-shaped. He raised his hands, grabbed one of those
            cylinder light beams, and sat up, "pulling himself up by that
            beam." He was still aware of his surroundings and noticed
            that people were watching him. His heart was beating fast, he
            was breathing hard, and his throat felt dry. Fortunately, he
            was constantly accompanied by his friend who subsequently
            corrobated his recollections. He "felt as though he was
            floating" but "he knew that in reality he was not floating."
            He knew that "friends were helping" him. His "legs felt numb"
            and as if "he was walking in a lake with the water up to his
            waist." His "hands appeared white and wrinkled" to him.

              At that point, he started feeling as if he was in a trance,
            and it was the first time that he did not know that people
            were around him. As he gradually came out of the trance, he
            could feel a ball in his hands; this ball would expand and
            contract as he moved his hands, but he could not see the ball.
            His friend said, "Touch something real!" He then touched the
            table and felt real again.

              Subsequently, he felt he kept going in and out of a
            trancelike state and could, on several occassions, even induce
            it himself. As he was walking, he felt that the floor was
            bow-shaped, and he had to hold on to the wall.

              He recalled that the following three hours were accompanied
            by these experiences: He would sit on a couch and he would
            drift away completely, "a great fog would be closing in" on
            him, and when he was surrounded by this fog "everything would
            turn black." "Spots of color, blue and red, would shine through
            this black cloud." Beyond the cloud, there seemed to him to be
            infinity. He "heard a massive confusion of sound," although to
            his knowledge there was no one talking and there were no sounds
            of any other nature at that time. But, again, when his friend
            called his name, he "came out of it." At times he felt excited,
            at times he felt relaxed. He remembered that he would often ask
            his friend to talk to him to keep him in reality. He found that
            he could, in this way, practically control his state of mind;
            that is, whether he would be in a trance state or not.

              When he looked at the picture of a countryside with deer in
            it, he felt as though he were floating into the picture and it
            took on a three-dimensional character. The deer were alive, the
            trees had shape. He started feeling everybody in the world
            could hear him. When he went out of the house and stepped onto
            the lawn, he anticipated that he would fall into it, as if
            into an ocean. He started writing in mirror writing,
            "Help! I'm trapped behind the world."

              He played a few notes on his recorder and felt that
            "each note was a brown disc." He then played a record; "the
            sound of music made a pattern of color. There was a central
            color and lines around it. The center was composed of the low
            notes, the bass, and the high notes were on the periphery."
            He remembered that sound made by "cymbals were silvery."
            This configuration kept changing, beating, and throbbing.
            Finally, he could not stand it no longer, and he turned the
            music off.

              By this time, some eight or nine hours had elapsed from the
            ingestion of nutmeg. He started becoming confused, and memory
            (recall) became very poor. He fell asleep and seemed to realize
            that he could finally go to sleep without "dropping out."

            Comment

              The preceding narrative was given spontaneously by an
            intelligent, perceptive, and sensitive adolescent who had had
            prior experience with marihuana and morning-glory seeds. The
            frequent connection of the two is known. (3, 5) He felt that on
            marihuana, the predominant feeling was one of enjoyment and
            happiness, of being liked and floating. Hallucinations were
            less marked. On morning-glory seeds, he also had a light,
            floating sensation, but it seemed to be of a different kind,
            and the most marked thing was a constant feeling of euphoria.
            On both these substances, he felt he never really left reality,
            and he thought that this was a major distinction between these
            substances and nutmeg.

              He repeated his experience with nutmeg in a smaller dose.
            On one tablespoon full of the substance he "felt high" or
            sometimes "weird," but without hallucinations; music sounded
            better although it did not sound louder. None of the colourful
            changes in perception occurred on the small dose of nutmeg.

              The description given by this patient is richer and more
            colorful than the previous reports, (3,6,7) although the
            previous descriptions also contained many of the experiences
            reported here, such as lapses of attention, although
            consciousness was retained, (6) depersonalization, (6) bright
            colors, (3) a floating feeling, (3) and music being more
            enjoyable. (3)

              Follow-up on this patient showed that he continued taking
            marihuana but stopped taking nutmeg. Psychodynamically, the
            patient was in the midst of an identity crisis, trying to
            deal with his leanings toward dependency and passivity by
            indentifying with the "hippie" groups. The patient's father
            had been incapacitated for several years because of psychiatric
            difficulties also centering around dependency and passivity.

            Summary

              Some of the pertinent literature on the use of nutmeg as a
            hallucinogen is briefly reviewed. It is noted that descriptions
            of experience with this substance in adolescents are lacking.

              Feelings of depersonalization and unreality, changes in
            perception, as well as illusions and hallucinations, especially
            visual, were the significant aspects of the subjective
            experience of an eighteen-year-old adolescent. The patient was
            also able to differentiate the effects of nutmeg from those of
            marihuana and morning-glory seeds, on the basis of a temporary
            break with reality which he experienced with nutmeg.

              Although the unfortunate easy availability of other
            hallucinogens probably makes nutmeg intoxication a relatively
            rare occurrence, mainly as experimentation or when other
            substances are not available, the medical profession should be
            reminded of its possible use and its hallucinogenic effects.

            References

             1. Payne, R. B.: Nutmeg intoxication, New England J. Med.
              269: 36 (1963).
             2. Shulgin, A. T.: Possible implication of myristicin as
              psychotropic substance, ibid. 380
             3. Weiss, G.: Hallucinogenic effects of powdered Myristica
              (nutmeg), Am. J. Psychiat. 346.
             4. Stanton, A. H.: Drug use among adolescents, ibid. 122: 1282
              (May) 1966.
             5. Goodman, L. S., and Gilman, A.: Pharmacological Basis of
              Therapeutics, New York, The Macmillan Company, 1965, p. 1785.
             6. Truitt, E., et al.: Pharmacology of myristicin, Am. J.
              Psychiat. 205.
             7. Green, R. C., Jr.: Nutmeg poisoning, J.A.M.A 171: 1342 (1959).



          + THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF ADDICTION, Vol.53, No.2
            Excerpt from the "letter from a master addict to dangerous drugs",
            sent by William Burroughs at August 3rd, 1956.
            This letter is also in Appendix I in his novel "The Naked Lunch",
            where this is quoted from. (ISBN 0-586-08560-2).

            Nutmeg. - Convicts and sailors sometimes have recourse to
            nutmeg. About a tablespoon is swallowed with water. Results
            are vaguely similar to marijuana with side effects of headache
            and nausea. Death would probably supervene before addiction
            if such addiction is possible. I have only taken nutmeg once.

              There are a number of narcotics of the nutmeg family in use
            among the Indians of South America. They are usually
            administered by sniffing a dried powder of the plant. The
            Medicine Men take these noxious substances, and go into
            convulsive states. Their twitchings and mutterings are thought
            to have prophetic significance. A friend of mine was violently
            sick for three days after experimenting with a drug of the
            nutmeg family in South America.

            END OF THE NUTMEG FACTFILE.


https://cdn.preterhuman.net/texts/drugs/Nutmeg_faq.txt
98
Drugs / Natural and Other Legal Intoxicants
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 10:17:04 pm »
Natural and Other Legal Intoxicants
University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Abstract
 
Efforts to control, prevent, and educate the public about
drug abuse have tended to focus on a few well-known
intoxicants such as PCP, LSD, marijuana, opiates,
amphetamines, and cocaine. Any nonmedical use of these
substances is generally considered to be illicit and abuse.
There are, however, a number of substances which are less
well-known and frequently not controlled under current
social policies. The authors feel couselors should be aware
of the psychoactive potential of these substances.
Substances included in the present article include: wild
lettuce, ololiuqui, atropine, scopolamine, the prickly
poppy, catnip, dextromethorphan, and nutmeg.
 
Natural and Other Legal Intoxicants
 
There have been enormous expenditures of time, money, and
effort to control and eliminate such commonly used
psychoactive substances as marijuana, PCP, and LSD. Public
policy is based on the belief that the penalties for using
an illegal substance will deter use or experimentation. It
has been the authors' experience, however, that some
enterprising users are merely turning to obscure, lesser
known substances which are psychoactive and legally
available.
 
De Ropp (1957, p. 247) contends that there are numerous
substances which are capable of producing psychoactive
effects and about which relatively little has been written
or is known. These substances have often been used for
generations as either herbal pharmaceuticals or as a part of
religious rituals. These drugs are being rediscovered by
today's youth and are now being used recreationally.
 
Since the ability of many of these drugs to produce either
psychological or physical dependence is unknown and many of
these substances produce toxic side effects, information
about these drugs is essential to professionals working with
young people.
 
The drugs identified in this article are those with known
abuse potential and which are not illegal. This is certainly
not an exhaustive list of abusable substances and should not
be construed as such. It is also hoped that this information
will not be perceived as a "people's pharmacopeia," as many
of these substances carry unknown consequences or can be
fatal.
 
Lettuce
 
Wild lettuce (lactuca virosa) includes about one hundred
wild and domestic species, only a few of which are native to
America. The most widespread, prickly wild lettuce,
sometimes called compass plant, is usually one to five feet
tall, with small pale yellow flowerheads. It occurs in all
of the United States, growing in both fields and waste areas
(Martin, l972, p. 156-157).
 
Both wild lettuce and domestic lettuce (sativa capita) must
be properly prepared to experience intoxication. The leafy
part of the wild lettuce plant is used, while only the heart
of the domestic variety is used. The vegetable material must
first be liquified in a blender, and at least a pint of
juice is needed. The juice is allowed to stand in a bowl,
under a heat lamp, until all that remains is a brown-green
viscous substance. This residue is then placed in an opium
pipe, pointed downward and a flame is applied. The smoke is
then inhaled and held deeply in the lungs much like
marijuana (Young, Klein & Beyer, l977, p. 125).
 
The high from this residue is reported to be mild sedation
and a dreamy, "spaced-out" feeling. Addiction is not
believed to occur, however, smoking large quantities has
been reported to be toxic (Young, Klein & Beyer, l977, p.
125).
 
Many users avoid this long process of manufacture by
purchasing a product variously labeled as lettuce-opium,
lettuce-hash, etc. Nothing seems to have been written about
the possible addictive potential of these variations, which
could presumably be increased with their availability, nor
on the toxicity of these commercially available varieties.
 
Ololiuqui
 
Ololiuqui is another naturally occurring substance and is
found in the seeds of the morning glory. The morning glory
is a vining plant and its flowers are generally white, pink,
red, purple or blue (Martin, l972, p. 93). Ololiuqui was
first extracted by Central and South American Indians and
was used ritualistically as part of religious ceremonies
(Julien, 1981, p. 163). Upon examination, ololiuqui was
found to contain lysergic acid amide. Lysergic acid amide is
approximately one-tenth as potent as lysergic acid
diethylamide or LSD (Julien, 1981, p. 163; Young, Klein &
Beyer, l977, p. 164-5).
 
In modern times, those seeking an hallucinogenic experience
have found morning glory seeds to be highly effective.
Although about fifteen varieties are readily available, the
two most popular are referred to as Heavenly Blues and
Pearly Gates. These are favored because of their high
lysergic acid amide content.
 
While lysergic acid amide is present in the entire plant,
the seeds are favored because they have the highest
concentration and, therefore, the greatest potency. Dosage
for a "trip" of 4 to l4 hours duration ranges from a minimum
of l00 of the triangular shaped black or brown seeds, to a
maximum of 300. This quantity is sufficient to produce the
same effects as that of 200-300 milligrams of LSD.
Intoxication is achieved by ingesting the chewed seeds,
which are easily digested, or by drinking a brew of their
tea.
 
The real problem with using morning glory seeds is not
nature-made, but man-made. Many seed companies coat their
seeds with fertilizers and fungicides which can be poisonous
to users. Probably the main disincentive to using morning
glory seeds would be the side effects. These can include
diarrhea, nausea, chills, vomiting, vertigo, and abdominal
pain. Although overdosage potential is considered low, high
doses can produce heart failure, a psychotic reaction, or
shock (Young, Klein & Beyer, l977, p. 164-165).
 
Atropine and Scopolamine
 
These two drugs are widely distributed among several plant
varieties. Julien (1981, p. 143) reports that these
substances are most commonly found in belladonna or deadly
nightshade (atropa belladonna), Jimson-weed (datura
stramonium), and mandrake (madragora officinarum).
Scopolamine is also found in henbane (hyoscyamus niger).
Historically, these substances have been used as poisons,
but more recently they have been used for their psychoactive
properties.
 
To produce intoxication, the leaves of the plant are either
eaten or smoked as a cigarette. Only a few of the rank
smelling leaves are required to bring on the effects which
commence about twenty minutes after ingestion (Young, Klein
& Beyer, l977, p. 115-116).
 
Intoxication on these substances can produce euphoria,
incoordination, confusion, hallucinations, and visual
distortions. The duration of effect for these two drugs can
last for up to two days (Gudas, 1977, p. 13). Scopolamine
and atropine are not widely used today, primarily because of
their toxic side effects.
 
The toxicity of these two drugs has been well known
throughout history. In fact, the name atropine is "derived
from Atropos, the Greek goddess who supposedly cuts the
thread of life" (Julien, 1981, p. 143). Atropine was
frequently the drug of choice for poisonings during the
Middle Ages. Toxicity seems to be related to the level of
tolerance developed for the effects of the drug. Apparently,
tolerance develops only for the effects of the drug, and not
for the toxic dose level. As the user ingests more and more
of the drug to achieve the desired effect, heart damage and
death may result (Young, Klein & Beyer, l977, p. 115-116).
 
The Prickly or Mexican Poppy
 
Another plant rich in intoxicating alkaloids is the prickly
or Mexican poppy. From the same family as the opium poppy,
this legal poppy gets its name from the resemblance of its
flower to the now illegal variety. Listed as poisonous in
Poisonous Plants of the United States, the seed are fatal to
fowl and the plant can cause painful irritation when its
prickles puncture the skin (Muenscher, l95l, p. 101).
 
Found generally in the South, some of its twelve species
reach all the way to Canada. With white or yellow blossoms,
this coarse plant grows one to three feet tall in pastures,
fields, and waste places which are not under cultivation
(Martin, l972, p.  58).
 
Some accidental poisonings have been known to be caused by
this plant. Occasionally some seeds will work their way into
harvested grains and accidental ingestion will occur. Cattle
may also eat the weed, causing no apparent ill effects,
except that toxic alkaloids are then passed on to the unwary
in milk (Gudas, l977, p. 19).
 
To obtain the active ingredients, one need only roll the
dried leaves and petals into a cigarette. One cigarette is
said to produce a mild, euphoric, marijuana-like feeling
which lasts about thirty minutes. Another cigarette on the
same day is reportedly ineffective, and will not produce
intoxication until smoked again on another day (Young, Klein
& Beyer, l977, p. 51). No side effects are listed and
apparently very little potential for addiction exists.
 
Catnip
 
It is possible to obtain a very mild intoxication when
catnip is mixed in equal parts with tobacco. The euphoria
produced is reported to be significantly weaker than that of
marijuana. The apparent active ingredient has not yet been
identified but is assumed to be present in the plant's resin
(Young, Klein & Beyer, l977, p. 54). It is possible that
catnip's effect is produced merely as a result of enhancing
the intoxicating properties of the nicotine found in the
tobacco.
 
Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
 
Dextromethorphan is an antitussive agent which is found in
such cold and cough remedies as Cheracol D, Comtrex,
Coricidin Cough Syrup, Novahistine Cough & Colds Formula,
Robitussin, and Vicks Cough Syrup. Used as a cough
suppressant, it is a synthetic compound distantly related to
morphine. While the Physician's Desk Reference (Medical
Economics Company, 1984, p. 605) states that
dextromethorphan produces "no analgesia or addiction," many
young people abuse this substance because it is legal and
readily available (Lund, 1969,p. 69).
 
A dosage of about four ounces is all that is required to
bring on feelings of euphoria, dizziness and even stupor.
The duration of the drug's effects vary depending on the
user's weight and tolerance for the drug's effects. Side
effects can include nausea, gastrointestinal disturbances,
and respiratory depression (Medical Economics Company,
l984).
 
Nutmeg and Mace
 
Spices commonly found in many households are nutmeg and
mace. Nutmeg is obtained from the ground seeds of the
myristica fragrans, while mace is obtained from the seed
coat of the same plant. Ingested in quantities of about one-
third ounce, these spices can be used to induce euphoria,
while larger doses can produce hallucinations. The active
ingredients in nutmeg and mace are reported to be myristicin
and elemicin (Julien, 1981, p. 151).
 
Nutmeg is typically brewed and consumed as a tea, and mace
is often inhaled as a fine powder. The duration of effect
for these two substances is unknown, but is reported to be
quite long (Julien, 1981, p. 151). Use of these substances
is usually self-limiting in that they both produce profound
and uncomfortable side-effects. Caution in using these
substances is necessary, as liver failure and death may
result.
 
Discussion
 
It would seem impossible to control all of these substances.
Indeed in the case of morning glory, we have unsuccessfully
tried to eradicate this pest in several states (Martin,
l979, p. 94). We have also seen the poor results of trying
to control those substances that have already been
identified as psychoactive. Perhaps the real answer lies in
education. We have seen that the highs obtained are
accompanied by harmful side effects. Through the
availability of credible information, the educated person
could make an informed decision.
 
References
 
de Ropp, R. S. (l957). Drugs and the Mind. New York: Grove
Press.
 
Gudas, A. G. (l977). Poisonous Plants: A Guide for Parents
and Adventurous Eaters. Phoenix: Do It Now Foundation.
 
Julien, R. M. (1981). A Primer of Drug Action (3rd. ed.).
San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.
 
Lund, H. W. (l969). Drugs and Your Child. New York: Hart.
 
Martin, A. C. (l972). Weeds. New York: Western.
 
Medical Economics Company. (l984a). Physicians Desk
Reference for Non Prescription Drugs. Oradell, N. J.: E.
Barnhart.
 
Muenscher, W. C. (l95l). Poisonous Plants of the United
States. New York: Macmillan.
 
Young, L. A., Young, L. G., Klein, M. M., Klein, D. M.,
Beyer, D. (l977). Recreational Drugs. New York:
Macmillan.


https://cdn.preterhuman.net/texts/drugs/natlintx.txt
99
Drugs / Morning Glory Seeds
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 09:22:24 pm »

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                     How to Trip on Morning Glory Seeds
                             by: Bud J. Jonser
Thanks to my wife Ashly and my two children Jane and Mary and to my dog Sparky

         A "Quarter Pounder with Seed, Large Fry, No Shake" Production

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

I am undecided as to whether you are reading this file to gather as much
information as possible, or if you just want to get down to the actual
method, so I'll leave the tried and true recipe at the end of this file.


Introduction
------------

     In general, if you have no psychedelic experience under your belt,
I.E. acid, shrooms, etc., stop thinking about using this information. Your
first trip is nothing you want to learn from a textfile, but something
you want an experianced friend and guide to help you with.
     Morning glory seeds contain something called Lysergic Acid Amide, not
to be confused with LSD or Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, but you can easily
see the chemical connection between the two. Unfortunately, the effects of
LSA (as I will refer to it) and the other groovy alkaloids contained in
MG (as I will refer to Morning Glory seeds) are not as potent as LSD except
in very high doses not to be toyed with. Several friends have reported
sharp visions with MG, tending to be more like acid than shrooms, however,
my experiences with MG have all been rather disappointing. Indians have
supposedly identified MG as a great way to trip out, but researchers are
at odds when it comes to identifying what the Indians are really talking about.
Many think that the Indians mean(t) Datura (definately tripulous), not
MG, but the mere fact that MG contains LSA should make it noteworthy.
     Below, I will describe the 4 methods I have attempted (mostly without
success) including all-out balls-to-the-walls method which should convince
all of you as to MG's effectiveness.



Pre-Requisites [for all methods]
--------------------------------

     For all of the methods, you are going to actually get the seeds. They
are available at most gardening-type stores and even many super-markets. MG
is quite a common plant. Seeds of Heavenly Blue, Flying Saucers, and Pearly
Gates all contain hallucinogenic properties, although there may be others.
Check out your local library for more detailed information. Just recently,
I have seen stores sell "The True Morning Glory Vine" which is doubtlessly
what the Indians used, not the wimpy domesticated American flower. Still,
friends contest that they were able to trip off the flower seeds. You have
probably heard rumors of tainted seeds to prevent trippers from doing
exactly what this file describes. The fact is some companies do spray
the seeds with preservatives containing mercury. Friends contest that
"Crossman" seeds are not tainted, but "Crossman Mixed" got someone sick. If
you should happen to ingest tainted seeds, you will simply throw-up and
feel nauseous for the night, nothing more-- provided you don't mix the seeds
with anything. Compared with acid, the seeds are quite expensive. The cheapest
I've seen is 59 cents + tax for 1.9g. A minimum of 20g is required to trip,
and I personally reccommend 50g to avoid preparing a "dud" mixture.
     Once you have the seeds, you must grind them into a fine powder. I turned
mine into absolute dust. The finished powder looks like fine brown sugar.
You cannot ingest the seeds whole! If you should try, they will pass through
your digestive system intact (I.E. You'll shit them out in one piece.)
     If you are brave and (to steal a quote from some biology text in
reference to this very act) equipped with extraordinary gustatory accoutrements,
you can now ingest the seeds in this powdered form. A word of warning:
They are fucking NASTY! This is why the folowing recipes are listed below--
to assist you in getting the LSA past your taste buds and into your brain.
    An interesting note: To trip on LSD, you are ingesting 100-200 micrograms
that is .0001 to .0002 grams. With MG, you are ingesting 20 to 40 grams
just to get assumably the same amount of LSA. Therefore, you are ingesting
400,000 times more matter than you need to. Once you taste MG, you will
become instantly convinced that the less you have to force down the better.


Method #1 "Stoner's" Method
---------------------------

     This one is simple. It is the recipe for what is colloquially known as
"magic kool aid", and anything with k00l in it has to be good, right? Just
stew up some pungent kool aid (grape works nicely) and add the previously
mentioned ground seeds. Stir. Drink.

My experiance with this method: The seeds don't mix well and end up sinking
to the bottom. The kool aid just adds to the volume of what you have to
ingest and I resorted to using a straw to suck up the seed matter. After
about twenty robust sips, I dry heaved and decided to call it quits. Within
about ten to twenty minutes I felt lightheaded and dreamy. Stimuli became
intensely annoying. I was annoyed by everything, even the almost silent
buzz of the overhead lights. I layed down on my bed and slept for what I
thought has been a couple of hours at least, yet when I opened my eyes, only
fifteen minutes had passed. Upon opening them, the first thing I saw was a
green shirt of mine laying on the floor. Instantly, my vision was as if I
was wearing green sunglasses. I blinked and it was gone. I went back to
sleep and experianced no further effects. I ingested about 10g of seeds.

What went wrong: Low dose.



Method #2 "Indians'" Method
---------------------------

    This method was/(is?) used by South American Indians. Put the finely
powdered seeds into a drinking glass and cover them up with drinking
alcohol. The purer the alcohol the better. If you can't get pure ethyl
alcohol, use Everclear, or if you can't use that, maybe vodka will do the
trick. Let the seeds soak 12-24 hours, filter the mix through a cheesecloth
into a second glass. Drink the second glass. It should be piss yellow and
be strong enough that you don't taste much besides the sting of Everclear.

My experiance with this method: I used Everclear, and substitued a coffee
filter for the cheesecloth. I then added the MG/Everclear mixture to
daquri mix and drank it. I experianced only alcoholic effects. I used
20g of seeds.

What went wrong: The coffee filter was too tight and judging by the fact that
it turned piss-yellow, it probably absorbed much of my MG alkoloids. Also,
I transferred the mixture around too much-- from the second glass into the
blender then into a third glass, with valuable residue sticking to all glasses
involved.



Method #3 "Chemist's" Method
----------------------------

    This method is a bit more involved. To get it to work you must be
accurate and careful.  You will probably need to use at least 100g of seeds to
get a substantial yield. You cannot simply make one hit at a time since a
low yield often turns out to be no yield. The ratio here is 1:1:1. That is
100g Morning Glory Seeds : 100ml (mililitres) petrolium ether (sometimes
called benzene) : 100ml (mililitres) methanol (sometimes called wood alcohol.)
    Take the 100g crushed seeds and place them into a wide-based glass flask or
drinking glass. To this flask, add 100ml petrolium ether. Let it sit for
48 hours. At the end of the 48 hours, strain this mixture through a tight
screen. Make sure to separate all of the liquid from the seed mush. You can
discard the liquid. Allow the seed mush to dry 100% completely. Put the
seed mush into a clean glass flask. To this flask, add 100ml methanol.
Allow this to sit for 48 hours. At the end of the 48 hours, filter the
mixture through a tight screen, depositing the liquid drain-off into a second
flask labeled "A". Save flask "A" and put the seed mush back into the other
flask (the one you just took them out of) and add 100ml of fresh methanol.
Allow this to sit for 48 hours. At the end of this (the last) 48 hours,
filter it exactly as before, through a tight screen into flask "A". You should
be left with a moderately thick piss-yellow liquid (in flask "A".) Pour this
liquid onto a cookie-sheet and allow the alcohol to evaporate 100% completely.
In a few hours you will be left with a yellow film on the cookie-sheet. Scrape
this up and swallow it.


!! WARNING !!  Petrolium Ether is extemely fucking flamable! Even the fumes
can explode so do NOT leave your mixture uncapped near any sparks or flames.
Methanol is very very flamable too, so watch it. Both are potentially deadly
if swallowed, so make sure your filtrations and evaporations are 100%
complete! Keep out of reach of children.


My experience with this method: For the tight screen I again used a coffee
filter which soaked up a minimal amount of valuable residue because I shaped
it such that the liquid would all strain through one spot on the filter.
The film for one hit is less than enough to spread on a single cracker so
you can gulp it down easily. The effects were indentical to the first 50
minutes of an acid trip. (I.E. 45 minutes of nothing, than 5 minutes of
asking yourself "Am I tripping?") unfortunately the next minute when the
carpet patterns start shimmering and moving about in three-dimensional space
thus answering the question with "YEP!!!" never happened. Object's edges
became extremely defined and I had a rather eurphoric minute (mostly of
happy anticipation of the hours to come) and that was it. My pupils were
doing bugs-bunny cartoon contaction/expansions so something was working.
I used 35g of seeds.

What went wrong: Low yield. You need to use 100g+ of seeds to get any
substantial yield.
 


Method #4 "All-out Balls-to-the-Walls" Method
---------------------------------------------

    First, prepare method #3 (Chemist's) with a 50g dose. Next, immediately
ingest 12 (twelve) drops of Passion Flower Extract (available at health
stores.)
    Passion Flower extract is what is known as a MAO inhibitor, or Mono-
Amine-Oxidase inhibitor. Without digressing into lengthy explanations and
warnings about MAOI's I will simply explain that they disable the barriers
in your body/brain that inhibit as much Lysergic Acid from passing/remaining
in your body/brain as possible. Therefore, by inhibiting them, Lysergic Acid
can stick around in greater amounts and durations. In order to avoid an
adverse reaction (like death) you MUST refrain from eating 12 hours before
and after you ingest this combination!!


!! WARNING !! MAOI's lower the brain's barrier against more than just
Lysergic Acid. Many foods which are completely harmless without MAOI's
become LETHAL in combination with them. Such foods include: cheese, alcohol,
caffiene, chocolate, animal fats/livers such as chicken, any kind of uppers or
downers (including caffiene and diet-pills), MSG (mono-sodium-glutimate) a
common food additive, some veggies such as brussel sprouts, dill, wild
fennel and other seasonings, etc. Junk food probably contains analogs of most
of this too, so just play it safe and don't eat ANYTHING for 12 hours before or
after the ingestion of the Passion Flower!!!!! It could mean your life.

My experiance with this method: Well, it certainly was not like an acid trip.
It did, however, work. The experiance gives euphoria and ability to focus.
I became very involved in watching a very boring educational TV show for over
an hour. My vision around the tv was blurred and undulating, yet the man on
the screen remained stable. Sparks of static dazzled with brilliance. Later,
I watched clouds for approximately four hours straight with immense interest
and enjoyment. At moments I was given to fits of uncontrollable laughter.
And when a friend dropped by to borrow something, seven hours into the trip,
I couldn't help but grin from ear to ear and chuckle. I didn't realize how
much I was affected until I actually tried to act normal. I experiance nothing
remotely like a sensory hallucination, however. It was dreamy, very much
like waking up perfectly refreshed at 3AM with a very bad fever, but feeling
extremely happy. I was sluggish and would strongly warn against trying to
drive. My eyes were expaning/contracting as if on acid. Occasionally, I
became chilled, although I was wearing a hooded sweatshit, jeans, wool socks,
and a blanket, in addition to having the heat cranked up. Overall, the effects
were quite like great pot without any of the confusion, paranoia, or rushes
of extraneous thoughts. It was about 50 times more mellow than pot, too. The
effects lasted approximately 10 hours with no discernable peak. I took 50g of
seeds.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The primary effects are as follows: dreamy-state, happiness, ability to focus
and become intensely interested in anything you like, inability to concentrate
on complex tasks such as programming, or driving, extreme mellowness.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

About all the extaction methods
-------------------------------

     Cover your glasses/flasks with saran wrap to prevent evaporation and
to keep the stink down to a minimum. Heed all warnings and take yourself
seriously!

About the trips
---------------

     Plan your potential day as you would an acid trip. Follow all of the
warnings herein, your life could depend on it! Also, MG makes the eyes unusually
sensitive to light, therefore you might want to wear sunglasses.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A final word: even at this moment I am having very vivid and stong memories
of the taste of MG. This is a very real and horrible side effect, not a joke.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  I take no resposibily for any of my own actions, let alone yours. This file
  is intended for informational purposes ONLY.      Peace, Pot, and Microdot.

---------------------------------END--------------------------------------------


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https://cdn.preterhuman.net/texts/drugs/mg.txt
100
Drugs / Making Methcathinone
« Last post by netfreak on February 15, 2017, 06:27:59 pm »
                            Making Methcathinone

                                  Compiled

                                by Anonymous


Ok, this has got to be the easiest drug made at home (by far).  This is very
similar to methamphetamine in structure, effect, and use.  Typical doses
start at 20mg up to 60mg.  Start low, go slow.  Cat can be taken orally (add
10 mg) or through mucous membranes (nasally).

Ingredients:
Diet pills, or bronchodilator pills (1000 ea) containing 25mg ephedrine.
Potassium chromate, or dichromate (easily gotten from chem lab. orange/red)
Conc. Sulfuric acid - it's up to you where you get this.  Contact me if you
                      need help locating it.
Hydrochloric acid or Muriatic acid - Pool supply stores, hardware stores, it
                                     is used for cleaning concrete.
Sodium Hydroxide - Hardware stores.  AKA lye.
Toluene - Hardware store, paint store.

Lab equipment:
1 liter, 3 neck flask - get it from school or Edmund's Scientific ($20.00)
125 mL separatory funnel - same as above
glass tubing - same as above

Buchner funnel - This is a hard to find item, but must schools have at least
                 one.  They are usually white porcelain or plastic.  They look
                 like a funnel with a flat disk in the bottom with lots of
                 holes in it.  If you need one, arrangements can be made.
Aspirator or vacuum pump - Any lab-ware supply catalog, about $10.00

References to Edmund's Scientific Co, in NJ, are accurate.  You have to go
to their "Lab Surplus/Mad Scientist" room.  The prices are incredible. 
This place is definitely a recommended stopping sight for anybody going
through New Jersey.  It is located in "Barrington", about 30 minutes from
center city Philadelphia.
All of the above can be purchased from "The Al-Chymist".  Their number is
(619)948-4150.  Their address is:       17525 Alder #49
                                       Hesperia, Ca 92345
      Call and ask for a catalog.

That's it.  The body of this article is stolen from the third edition of
"Secrets of Methamphetamine Manufacture" by Uncle Fester.  This is a tried
and proven method by many people.  If you want a copy of this book, contact
me.

                  Good luck and keep away from the DEA


                          M E T H C A T H I N O N E

             K I T C H E N    I M P R O V I E S E D    C R A N K


    The latest designer variant upon the amphetamine molecule to gain
popularity and publicity is methcathinone, commonly called cat.  This
substance is remarkably similar to the active ingredient found in the
leaves of the khat tree which the loyal drug warriors on the network news
blame for turning peace loving Somalis into murderous psychopaths.  The
active ingredient in the khat leaves is cathinone, which has the same
structural relationship to methcathinone that amphetamine has to
methamphetamine.  It is made by oxidizing ephedrine, while meth can be
made by reducing ephedrine.

    The high produced by methcathinone is in many ways similar to
methamphetamine.  For something so easily made and purified, it is
actually quite enjoyable.  the main differences between the meth high and
the methcathinone high are length of action and body fell.  With
methcathinone, one can expect to still get to sleep about 8 hours after a
large dose.  On the down side, it definitely gives me the impression that
the substance raises the blood pressure quite markedly.  This drug may not
be safe for people with weak hearts of blood vessels.  Be warned!

    Cat is best made using chrome in the +6 oxidation state as the
oxidizer. I recall seeing an article in the narco swine's Journal of
Forensic Science bragging about how they worked out a method for making it
using permanganate, but that method gives an impure product in low yields.
Any of the common hexavalent chrome salts can be used as the oxidizer in
this reaction.  This list include chrome trioxide (CrO3), sodium or
potassium chromate (Na2CrO4), and sodium or potassium dichromate
(Na2Cr2O7).  All of these chemicals are very common.  Chrome trioxide is
used in great quantities in chrome plating. The chromates are used in
tanning and leather making.

    To make methcathinone, the chemist starts with the water extract of
ephedrine pills.  The concentration of the reactants in this case is not
critically important, so it is most convenient to use the water extract of
the pills directly after filtering without any boiling away of the water.
See the section at the beginning of Chapter 15 [I included this at the end
of the file] on extracting ephedrine form pills.  Both ephedrine
hydrochloride and sulfate can be used in this reaction.

    The water extract of 1000 ephedrine pills is placed into any
convenient glass container.  A large measuring cup is probably best since
it has a pouring lip.  Next, 75 grams of any of the above mentioned +6
chrome compounds are added.  They dissolve quite easily to form a reddish
or orange colored solution.  Finally, concentrated sulfuric acid is added.
If CrO3 is being used, 21 mL is enough for the job.  If one of the
chromates is being used, 42 mL is called for.  These ingredients are
thoroughly mixed together, and allowed to sit for several hours with
occasional stirring.

    After several hours have passed, lye solution is added to the batch
until it is strongly basic. Very strong stirring accompanies this process
to ensure that the cat is converted to the free base.  Next, the batch is
poured into a sep funnel, and a couple hundred mLs of toluene is added.
Vigorous shaking, as usual, extracts the cat into the toluene layer.  It
should be clear to pale yellow in color.  The water layer should be orange
mixed with green.  The green may settle out as a heavy sludge.  The water
layer is thrown away, and the toluene layer containing the cat is washed
once with water, then poured into a beaker. Dry HCl gas is passed through
the toluene as described in Chapter 5 [I included this at the end of the file]
to get white crystals of cat.  The yield is between 15 and 20
grams.  This reaction is scaled up quite easily.


CHAPTER 15 (part of it anyway)

 P R O C E D U R E   F O R   O B T A I N I N G   P U R E   E P H E D R I N E
                   F R O M   S T I M U L A N T   P I L L S

    In the present chemical supply environment, the best routes for making
meth start with ephedrine as the raw material.  To use these routes, a
serious hurdle must first be overcome.  This hurdle is the fact that the
most easily obtained source of ephedrine, the so-called stimulant or
bronchodilator pills available cheaply by mail order, are a far cry from
the pure starting material a quality minded chemist craves.  Luckily,
there is a simple and very low profile method for separating the fillers
in these pills from the desired active ingredient they contain.

    A superficial paging through many popular magazines[New Body is where
I found it at GNC] reveals them to be brim full of ads
from mail order outfits offering for sale "stimulant" or "bronchodilator"
pills. These are the raw materials today's clandestine operator requires
to manufacture meth without detection.  The crank maker can hide amongst
the huge herd of people who order these pills for the irritating and
nauseating high that can be had by eating them as is.  I have heard of a
few cases where search warrants were obtained against people who ordered
very large numbers of these pills, but I would think that orders of up to
a few thousand pills would pass unnoticed.  If larger numbers are
required, maybe one's friends could join in the effort.

    The first thing one notices when scanning these ads is the large
variety of pills offered for sale. When one's purpose is to convert them
into methamphetamine, it is very easy to eliminate most of the pills
offered for sale.  Colored pills are automatically rejected because one
does not want the coloring to be carried into the product.  Similarly,
capsules are rejected because individually cutting open capsules is just
too much work. Bulky pills are to be avoided because they contain too much
filler.  The correct choice is white cross thins, preferably containing
ephedrine HCl instead of sulfate, because the HCl salt can be used in more
of the reduction routes than can the sulfate.

    Once the desired supply of pills is in hand, the first thing which
should be done is to weigh them.  This will give the manufacturer an idea
of how much of the pills is filler, and how much is active ingredient.
Since each pill contains 25 milligrams of ephedrine HCl, a 1000 lot bottle
contains 25 grams of active ingredient.  A good brand of white cross thins
will be around 33% to 40% active ingredient.  25 grams of ephedrine HCl
may not sound like much, but if it is all recovered from these pills, it
is enough to make from 1/2 to 3/4 ounce of pure meth.  This is worth three
or four thousand dollars, not a bad return on the twenty odd dollars a
thousand lot of such pills costs. [I don't know where he got 3 or 4
thousand dollars from, but the pills go for about $35.00/1000 now. 2
months ago they were $25.00 but now they have to do more paper work
because it is a DEA controlled substance]

    To extract the ephedrine from the pills, the first thing which must be
done is to grind them into a fine powder.  This pulverization must be
thorough in order to ensure complete extraction of the ephedrine form the
filler matrix in which it is bound.  A blender does a fine job of this
procedure, as will certain brands of home coffee grinders.

    Next, the powder from 1000 pills is put into a glass beaker, or other
similar container having a pouring lip, and about 300 mL of distilled
water is added.  Gentle heat is then applied to the beaker, as for example
on a stove burner, and with steady stirring the contents of the beaker are
slowly brought up to a gentle boil.  It is necessary to stir constantly
because of the fillers will settle to the bottom of the beaker and cause
burning if not steadily stirred.

    Once the contents of the beaker have been brought to a boil, it is
removed from the heat and allowed to settle.  Then the water is poured out
of the beaker through a piece of filter paper.  The filtered water should
be absolutely clear.  Next, another 50 mL of water is added to the pill
filler sludge, and it too is heated with stirring.  Finally, the pill
sludge is poured into the filter, and the water it contains is allowed to
filter through.  It too should be absolutely clear, and should be mixed in
with the first extract.  A little water may be poured over the top of the
filler sludge to get the last of the ephedrine out of it.  This sludge
should be nearly tasteless, and gritty in texture.  The water extract
should taste very bitter, as it contains the ephedrine.

    The filtered water is now returned to the stove burner, and half of
the water it contains is gently boiled away.  Once this much water has
been boiled off, precautions should be taken to avoid burning the
ephedrine.  The best alternative is to evaporate the water off under a
vacuum.  If this is not practical with the equipment on hand, the water
may be poured into a glass baking dish.  This dish is then put into the
oven with the door cracked open, and the lowest heat applied.  In no time
at all, dry crystals of ephedrine HCl can be scraped out of the baking
dish with a razor blade. The serious kitchen experimenter may wish to
further dry them in a microwave.

Chapter 5 (The part about the HCl gas)

    A source of anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas is now needed.  The
chemist will generate his own.  The glassware is set up as in Figure 1.
He will have to bend another piece of glass tubing to the shape shown.  It
should start out about 18 inches long.  One end of it should be pushed
through a one hole stopper.  A 125 mL sep funnel is the best size.  The
stoppers and joints must be tight, since pressure must develop inside this
flask to force the hydrogen chloride gas out through the tubing as it is
generated.

    Into the 1000 mL, three-necked flask is placed 200 grams of table
salt. Then 25% concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to this flask until
it reaches the level shown in the figure.  The hydrochloric acid must be
of laboratory grade [I use regular muriatic acid for pools].

Figure 1:
                   \     /
                  ÖÄ\   /ÄÄ·
                 Ö½        Ó·   <--125 mL separatory funnel
                 º          º
                 º          º
                 Ó·        Ö½
                  ÓÄ·    ÖĽ        glass tubing Ä¿
                    Ó·  Ö½                        
                     º  º         ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ»
           stopcock->ºÛÛºÄÄ´      º               ºSalt and Hydrochloric acid
stopper ->ÖÄÄÄ·     ÖÐ\/з      ÖÄÐÄ· <-1 hole    ºmixed into a paste by add-
          ºÄÄĺ     º    º      ºÄÒĺ    stopper  ºing HCL to salt and mixing.
      ÖÄÄĽ   ÓÄÄÄÄĽ    ÓÄÄÄÄÄĽ º ÓÄÄÄ·         ºThe surface should be rough
     Ö½                           º     Ó·        ºand a good number of holes
     º                                   º        ºshould be poked into the
     º       1000 mL, 3 neck flask       º        ºpaste for long lasting
     º                                   º        ºgeneration of HCl gas.
     Ó·   ÄÄÄÄÄÄacid/salt levelÄÄÄÄÄÄ   Ö½        º
      ÓÄ·                             ÖĽ         º
        ÓÄÄ·                       ÖÄĽ           º
           ÓÄÄÄÄÄÄ·         ÖÄÄÄÄÄĽ              º
                  ÓÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄĽ                     º


    Some concentrated sulfuric acid (96-98%) is put into the sep funnel
and the spigot turned so that 1 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid flows
into the flask.  It dehydrates the hydrochloric acid and produces hydrogen
chloride gas. This gas is then forced by pressure through the glass
tubing.

    One of the Erlenmeyer flasks containing methamphetamine in solvent is
placed so that the glass tubing extends into the methamphetamine, almost
reaching the bottom of the flask.  Dripping in more sulfuric acid as
needed keeps the flow of gas going to the methamphetamine.  If the flow if
gas is not maintained, the methamphetamine may solidify inside the glass
tubing, plugging it up.

    Within a minute of bubbling, white crystals begin to appear in the
solution, More and more of them appear as the process continues.  It is an
awe-inspiring sight.  In a few minutes, the solution becomes as thick as
watery oatmeal.

    It is now time to filter out the crystals, which is a two man job.
The flask with the crystals in it is removed from the HCl source and
temporarily set aside.  The three-necked flask is swirled a little to
spread around the sulfuric acid and then the other Erlenmeyer flask is
subjected to a bubbling with HCl.  While this flask is being bubbled, the
crystals already in the other flask are filtered out.

    The filtering flask and Buchner funnel are set up as shown in figure
2. The drain stem of the buchner funnel extends all the way through the
rubber stopper, because methamphetamine has a nasty tendency to dissolve
rubber stoppers.  This would color the product black.  A piece of filter
paper covers the flat bottom of the Buchner funnel.  The vacuum is turned
on and the hose attached to the vacuum nipple.  Then the crystals are
poured into the Buchner funnel.  The solvent and uncrystallized
methamphetamine pass through the filter paper and the crystals stay in the
Buchner funnel as a solid cake.  About 15 mL of solvent is poured into the
Erlenmeyer flask. the top of the flask is covered with the palm and it is
shaken to suspend the crystals left clinging to the sides.  This is also
poured into the Buchner funnel.  Finally, another 15 mL of solvent is
poured over the top of the filter cake.


Figure 2:
                              ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
                              ³           ³ <-Bchner Funnel
                              ³___________³
                              \           /
                                \       /
                                  \   /
                                 ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
                                 ³      ³¯¯¯¯ <--To vacuum
                               ÚÄÙ      ÀÄ¿
                               ³          ³
                               ³          ³
                             ÚÄÙ          ÀÄ¿
              Filtering      ³              ³
                  flask-->  ÚÙ              À¿
                            ³                ³
                            ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ


    Now the vacuum hose is disconnected and the Buchner funnel, stopper
and all, is pulled from the filtering flask.  All of the filtered solvent
is poured back into the erlenmeyer flask it came from.  It is returned to
the HCl source for more bubbling.  The Buchner funnel is put back into the
top of the filtering flask.  It still contains the filter cake of
methamphetamine crystals.  It will now be dried out a little bit.  The
vacuum is turned back on, the vacuum hose is attached to the filtering
flask, and the top of the Buchner funnel is covered with the palm or
section of latex rubber glove.  The vacuum builds and removes most of the
solvent from the filter cake.  This takes about 60 seconds.  The filter
cake can now be dumped out onto a glass or China plate (not plastic) by
tipping the Buchner funnel upside-down and tapping it gently on the plate.

    And so, the filtering process continues, one flask being filtered
while the other one is being bubbled with HCl.  Solvent is added to the
Erlenmeyer flask to keep their volumes at 300 mL.  Eventually, after each
flask has been bubbled for about seven times, no more crystal will come
out and the underground chemist is finished.

    If ether was used as the solvent, the filter cakes on the plates will
be nearly dry now.  With a knife from the silverware drawer, the cakes are
cut into eighths.  They are allowed to dry out some more then chopped up
into powder.  If benzene was used, this process takes longer.  Heat lamps
may be used to speed up this drying, but no stronger heat source.

[The above section of chapter 5 is talking about methamphetamine.  You
could, in most instances, substitute the word methcathinone, but I wanted
to present the text to you in its exact form.]


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