« on: January 01, 2017, 08:51:34 pm »
Silicon Graphics IRIS 2000/3000 FAQ
-----------------------------------
0 TABLE OF CONTENTS
-----------------
0 Table of Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Revision History
2 The Machines
2.1 IRIS 1000 Series
2.2 IRIS 2000 Series
2.3 IRIS 3000 Series
3 Documentation
3.1 System and Software
3.2 Hardware
4 Hardware
4.1 Getting All the Wires and Switches Right
4.1.1 External Cabling: Ports, Keyboards, and Mice
4.1.2 Starting It Up
4.1.3 Booting UNIX
4.1.4 The Other Back Panel Stuff
4.1.4.1 The LED Display
4.1.4.2 Configuration Switches
4.1.5 Internal Cabling and Board Settings
4.1.5.1 CPU Side Board Locations
4.1.5.2 IM1 RAM Switch Settings
4.1.5.3 Graphics Side Board Locations and Cabling
4.1.5.4 BP3 Bitplane Switch Settings
4.2 Disk Stuff
4.2.1 Controllers
4.2.1.1 Qualogy ST-506
4.2.1.2 Interphase ESDI
4.2.1.3 Interphase SMD
4.2.2 Drives
4.2.3 Maintenance
4.3 Video Stuff
4.3.1 Video Modes
4.3.2 Monitors
4.3.2.1 Models
4.3.2.2 Docs, Parts, and Repairs
4.4 Hardware Miscellany
4.4.1 Third-Party Multibus Boards
4.4.1.1 Central Data Serial I/O
4.4.1.2 Ciprico 9-Track Controller
4.4.1.3 Excelan Ethernet
4.4.1.4 Hyperchannel
4.4.1.5 Ikon DR11-W
4.4.1.6 National Instruments IEEE-488
4.4.1.7 Sky FPU
4.4.1.8 Xylogics Disk Controllers
4.4.2 Power Supplies
4.4.3 Batteries
4.4.4 Extender Boards
4.4.5 Loose Ends
5 Software
5.1 OS Versions
5.2 X
5.3 GNU
5.4 Applications
5.5 Software Miscellany
1 INTRODUCTION
------------
The Silicon Graphics IRIS 1000, 2000, and 3000 series workstations were
the "first generation" 680x0/Multibus-based machines built and sold by
Silicon Graphics Inc. of Mountain View, California. The systems were
obsoleted with the advent of the company's "4D" MIPS-based machines.
SGI formally announced end-of-production on the 3000s in November 1989.
Although at that time they committed to continued support through
November 1994 (subject to parts availability), no further software
was to be issued, and it is unlikely that anyone would avail themselves
of SGI's service. I doubt that you could get a board swap out of SGI
for less than $1000, and the (informal) surplus market rarely sees a
machine sell for more than a few hundred dollars.
Silicon Graphics is a company apparently full of friendly and helpful
folks, but rapid advances in the workstation market have meant that
inquiries about these old systems are generally met with blank stares.
Hell, questions on early 4D machines are sometimes met with blank stares!
SGI claims to have sold more than 3500 of the 2000 and 3000 series
systems (no numbers are known on the 1000s), and as these systems have
trickled into the hand-me-down market, users have sought basic information
on bringing (and keeping) up the machines.
Hence this FAQ. I hope it arouses enough interest to lead to the
formation of an informal, mailing-list-based users' group dedicated to
"obsolete" Silicon Graphics systems.
This is Rev 1.0, written by a hardware engineer with no prior UNIX
experience, working on the unconfirmed assumption that nobody else has
already done it. It's also my first FAQ. When I asked these questions,
no one directed me to one, therefore...
Although I'm learning as much about UNIX and system administration as
I can, I've learned about these machines from the "bottom-up". As a
result this Rev contains, almost exclusively, hardware information.
Experienced users, more software-literate than I, are enthusiastically
invited to make software/system/os submissions they feel are relevant.
If you wish to make a submission, please send only the diffs/deltas,
rather than adding to the existing body.
Oh, yeah... In case you were losing sleep over this,
IRIS stands for "Integrated Raster Imaging System".
Please forward questions/answers/suggestions/errors/omissions to:
Jonathan Levine [email protected]
Thanks, and I hope this helps!
May 24th, 1993
1.1 REVISION HISTORY
----------------
May 24th, 1993 First release
May 31st More 3000 rear panel switches & mouse pinning
(suggested by William Bardwell)
June 2nd Completed IP2 S2 description
June 4th Corrected Status LED information
June 7th Added second Ethernet board addressing information
(thanks to Randy Schrickel)
June 8th Completed video mode section
June 15th Added IEEE-488 controller information
(thanks to Tom Haberlandt)
Aug 21st Updated schematic availability
Tweaked "Loose Ends"
(A big thank you to Al Kossow)
Oct 1st My mailer finally configured!
(much thanks to Jeff Becker (ex-SGI))
Nov 29th Added section numbering and EXOS prom cross-reference
Dec 8th Added configuration switch mapping
Jan 5th, 1994 Added internal cabling and board settings
Feb 27th Added "Power Supplies" section
Apr 7th Added step-by-step fex instructions
Jun 6th Added Video Mode CPU jumpers information (such as it is)
2 THE MACHINES
------------
2.1 IRIS 1000 SERIES
----------------
This information is provided in the interest of historical completeness,
as the remainder of this document will deal only with the 2000 and 3000
Series machines.
The 1000 and 1200 were 8MHz 68000s with 3/4Meg of RAM and no disk. They
were built for use only as terminals.
CPU: PM1 (variant of Stanford UNiversity "SUN" board)
RAM: Micro Memory Inc. Multibus
Ethernet: Excelan EXOS/101
Graphics: GF1 Frame Buffer
UC3 Update Controller
DC3 Display Controller
BP2 Bitplane
The 1400 and 1500 were 10MHz 68010s with 1.5Meg of RAM. The former had
a 72Meg ST-506 disk, the latter a 474Meg SMD. My guess would be that
they used the same CPU (PM2) and RAM (PM2M1) as the non-Turbo 2000s.
The standard monitor shipped was 30Hz interlaced.
If anyone out there is still running one of these or just has more
information they feel should be included, please let me know.
2.2 IRIS 2000 SERIES
----------------
The 2000 series consists of two groups of machines: Turbo and Non-Turbo.
It is important to note that, owing to the different CPUs, these two
groups are NOT object-code compatible with each other.
Common to ALL 2000s
-------------------
Ethernet: Excelan EXOS/201
Graphics: GF2 Frame Buffer
UC4 Update Controller
DC4 Display Controller
BP3 Bitplane
|
---------------------------------------------
Non-Turbo Turbo
--------- -----
CPU: PM2 (68010) IP2 (68020)
RAM: PM2M1 IM1
FPU: SKYFFP-M-03 FP1 (optional)
| |
------------------------------------ ---------------------
2000 2200 2300 2400 2500 2300T 2400T 2500T
------------ ------------ ---- ------------- -----
Disk*: none ST-506 SMD ST-506 SMD
*Refer to the section on disks and controllers (below) for further
explanation.
As you can see from the above table, the only hardware difference
between a non-Turbo system and its Turbo counterpart is the CPU and RAM.
For this reason, Turbo was also offered as an upgrade path from the
original 2400 (probably 2300 & 2500 too, but I don't have confirmation).
SGI simply swapped the CPU and RAM boards, reformatted and partitioned
the disk(s), and installed the new os. NOTE: Non-Turbo partitioning is
unusual! Again, see the "Disks and Controllers" section.
The 2500 and 2500T are packaged differently as well. They live in a
6' tall 19" EIA rack. There is room for two SMD drives in the bottom
of the rack (after all, they weigh about 150lb. each), and the electronics
chassis resides in the top half.
I should note here that Turbo and non-Turbo RAM cannot be mixed.
The IP2 introduced a new (ribbon-cable) local bus through which it
communicated with the IM1(s) and FP1. The PM2 simply used the
Multibus.
In short, the Turbos have much more in common with the 3000s than they
do with the non-Turbo 2000s.
The standard monitor shipped was 60Hz non-interlaced.
2.3 IRIS 3000 SERIES
----------------
CPU: IP2 (68020)
RAM: IM1
FPU: FP1 (optional)
Ethernet: Excelan EXOS/201
Graphics: GF2 Frame Buffer
UC4 Update Controller
DC4 Display Controller
BP3 Bitplane
Geometry Engines: 10x8MHz 12x10MHz
--------------------- ------------------------------
3010 3020 3030* 3110 3115 3120 3130**
------------ ----- ------------ --------------
Disk: ST-506 SMD ST-506 ESDI
* As with the 2000s with SMDs, this is a rackmount system.
**The 3130 was also private-labelled by CDC as the Cyber 910.
In addition to the differences described above, there are also variations
from model to model in the amount of RAM and number of bitplanes, but
since those are just optional upgrades anyway, I don't think it's worth
documenting them in detail. You're better off opening the box and counting
up the boards.
All things considered, I don't view the differences between the models
in the 3000 series as very important. After all, there's no reason why one
can't replace the ESDI drives in a 3130 with SMDs, resulting in a system
to which no equivalent factory model exists.
The standard monitor shipped was the 19" 60Hz non-interlaced, tilt/swivel.
Optional monitors were the 19" 30Hz interlaced and 15" 60Hz non-interlaced
tilt/swivel.
3 DOCUMENTATION
-------------
3.1 SYSTEM AND SOFTWARE
-------------------
If you got the manual set with the machine, good. If you didn't, well,
not so good. You'll have to do some serious schmoozing to get someone
to photocopy it, as it fills, more or less, ten (10) 1.5" binders.
I am including this roadmap to the docs so that you can quickly determine
your requirements. Once you know what you need, it should be easier to
arrange to have the specific portions copied rather than entire manuals.
PLEASE NOTE: Although the following list was generated from a set of
2000-series manuals, I use these docs as reference for my 3000s. I
have yet to find any significant differences. Your online man pages
should be regarded as the definitive reference for your release.
Within each binder I have listed each section delimited by a divider.
Here's the breakdown:
Vol.1 IRIS Series 2000
(This is the general reference and some assorted stuff.
The "IRIS Workstation Guide" contains information on optional video
hardware, making and using backups, some basic disk manipulation ie
fiddling with swap partition size and configuration of additional
disks, and beginner sysadmin things. It's rather useful, and if
feedback indicates that a significant number of users are without
docs, selected portions may be included in later revs of this FAQ)
Getting Started
IRIS Workstation Guide
GL2-W2.4 Release Notes
GL2-W2.5 Release Notes
Pipeline
C dbx
Vol.2 IRIS Programmer's Manual Unix IA Commands A-L
(This binder and the next contain section 1 of the standard Unix documentation
set. It's pretty much the same stuff as contained in the online man pages)
Permuted Index
A-C
D-F
G-L
Vol.3 IRIS Programmer's Manual Unix IA Commands M-Z
M-P
Q-S
T-U
V-Z
Vol.4 IRIS Programmer's Manual Unix IB System Calls & Subroutines
(This is the second volume in the standard Unix set, Sections 2 through 8)
Permuted Index
2. System Calls
3. Subroutines
4. File Formats
5. Misc.
6. Games
7. Special Files
8. Administration
Vol.5 IRIS Unix IIA Languages and Tools
(Environment and tools. This binder written by the gods themselves)
The Unix Timesharing System
Unix for Beginners
(Bourne) Shell
Ed
Ex
vi
Troff Tutorial
MM
Nroff/Troff Reference
Eqn
Tbl
Refer
Style & Diction
Unix Programming
Vol.6 IRIS Unix IIB Languages and Tools
(Some of the Fortran, Assembler, and Floating Point stuff may be out
of place here, but that's where it wound up in the set I copied from.
More key environment and tools stuff, too)
Fortran Reference
Fortran Debugger
AS20 Assembler
Floating Point
C/Fortran Interface
UUCP
FSCK
Lint
Make
Yacc
Lex
ADB
M4
SED
AWK
Vol.7 IRIS Communications
Iris Communications Guide
Appendix A - Options
Appendix B - Bibliography
Appendix C - NFS Reference
Appendix D - Mail Systems
Appendix E - Sendmail Router
Appendix F - Sendmail Guide
Appendix G - Domain Convention
TCP/IP User's Guide
Vol.8 IRIS Fortran
(I don't think we have a copy of this fortran; the manual probably came
with my first system, the fortran tapes for which had been overwritten)
Iris Fortran
Fortran dbx
Vol.9 IRIS User's Guide Volume I Graphics Programming
(The part you've been waiting for)
Graphics Programming
Window Manager
Sample Code
Glossary
Index
Vol.10 IRIS User's Guide Volume II Graphics Reference
(This binder contains the routine-by-routine GL reference)
Graphics Reference
Appendix A - Type Definitions
Appendix B - Geometry Engine Computations
Appendix C - Transformation Matrices
Appendix D - Feedback Parser
Appendix E - MEX Programs
Appendix F - Tutorial man pages
Appendix G - Fast Immediate Mode & User-defined Display Lists
Appendix H - Image Libraries
3.2 HARDWARE
--------
There's not much to say about hardware docs other than "Lie, Cheat, Steal".
I can confirm the existence of a "3000-Series Workstation Maintenance Study
Guide", which is a training manual for field-service personnel. I have also
seen these schematics: IP2 (and block diagram), IM1, BP3, UC4. If you know
of (or have) any other drawings, let's talk. I'm especially interested in
seeing the FP1, GF2, and DC4 sheets.
4 HARDWARE
--------
4.1 GETTING ALL THE WIRES AND SWITCHES RIGHT
----------------------------------------
4.1.1 External Cabling (Or: Of Ports and Keyboards; Of Mice and Men)
--------------------------------------------------------------
The rear panel has four (4) DB-25S connectors. The first (top) is labelled
"Control Panel / Port 1". This is the console connector, for use with the
IRIS keyboard. The remaining ports, labelled "Port 2", "Port 3", and
"Port 4", correspond to ttyd1, ttyd2, and ttyd3 respectively. Personally,
I would have labelled them Port 0 - Port 3, but you know how it is.
There are two styles of keyboard, differing in their connectors:
Older 2000 keyboards have a 5-pin 180-degree DIN connector which plugs into
the keyboard junction box. The box may be free-standing or integrated into
the monitor case. The box is in turn cabled to the "Control Panel / Port 1"
connector on the rear panel with a male-to-female (DB-25P to DB-25S) cable,
pinned 1-1,2-2,...,25-25. The junction box also has a DB-9S connector
into which is plugged the mouse.
The 3000s (and maybe some Turbos) use the newer style keyboard. It has a
longer cable with a DB-25P connector that plugs directly into the console
port. The mouse plugs into the DB9-S on either side of the keyboard.
Mouse Pinning
-------------
If you hate your mouse, don't worry, it's an easy hack. The average
bus mouse is readily adapted for use with the IRIS. The mouse is
supplied with a regulated +5V from the keyboard or junction box, and
outputs a quadrature X pair and a quadrature Y pair:
DB9-P function
----- --------
1 +5V
2 X (left/right) Quad out
3 X (left/right) Quad out
4 Y (up/down) Quad out
5 Y (up/down) Quad out
6 Left button (active low)
7 Middle button (active low)
8 Right button (active low)
9 Ground
-Sorry, but I never bothered to write down which signal of each quadrature
pair leads in which direction.
-I just took my meter to the optical mouse, and it appears that each button
is a 1K pullup to +5 and a switch closure to ground.
I shouldn't have to explain monitor cabling beyond men-tioning that
all video signals should be terminated at the monitor.
4.1.2 Starting It Up
--------------
On power-up, the CPU first attempts to establish communications with the
keyboard. If all goes well, the LEDs above the keyboard's numeric row
will sequence left to right, the keyboard will beep, and the monitor prompt
will appear on the video monitor.
If the CPU fails to secure keyboard I/O, it will assume that either the
keyboard is defective, or that the system is a server (ie no graphics).
This having been determined, it outputs the monitor prompt to the "Port 2"
connector, to which I suggest you keep a terminal connected at all times.
One cause of this failure is the loss of power to the keyboard. The
keyboard LEDs are not a valid indication, as they are powered from the
+12V supply, and the keyboard also requires -12V to output RS-232 levels.
If you suspect a problem here, look for the +12V on pins 9,21,22 and
-12V on pin 18 of the "Port 1 / Control Panel" DB-25 connector (pins
1,4,5,6,7 are ground). If a supply is missing, remove the cover over the
power supply compartment, and check the two fuses along the top edge of
the I/O panel circuit board. Visual examination is NOT adequate with
these fuses. I had one in which the fuse link was clearly intact, but
was intermittent down in the epoxy base. Believe me, that one was fun.
4.1.3 Booting UNIX
------------
If everything is ok to this point, you'll have the IRIS PROM Monitor
prompt. It'll have read the switches and checked to see how much memory
is installed.
The monitor is your friend. It has its own help, so I shan't go into
much detail here, except to touch upon booting the os.
When, at the monitor prompt, you type b, the monitor loads and
runs the file "defaultboot" from the default boot device. This will
most likely be one of the following disks: md0 (ST-506), si0 (ESDI),
or ip0 (SMD). If all is in order, defaultboot will load and run, and
UNIX will start up with its device autoconfiguration. Note: When
powering on the system, wait 30 seconds or so for the disk to spin up
before attempting to boot. If the disk isn't up to speed when you try
to boot it, you'll get the failure described below. No damage will result;
just wait a bit and try again.
If things aren't going allright, though, you will probably get a message
such as "md.0:defaultboot No such file or directory". This likely means
someone wiped it off, and you're going to have to go in search of a mkboot
tape (see below). In some cases, the boot routine will report finding
defaultboot, load it, and then bomb out on execution. This may be indicative
of a bad copy on disk, and will also send you out for a tape.
The monitor can be of some diagnostic help here. It has an "ls" that
functions just as UNIX's. Use it to look at the disk, and confirm that
the usual root directory stuff is there ie bin, etc, tmp, lib, and usr.
You should see an entry for defaultboot right along with them. Incidentally,
the monitor ls will examine subdirectories, too. Keep in mind that you
can only check the contents of the root partition, as no other filesystems,
such as usr, are "mounted" until UNIX boots.
[how about something on serial/server operation here?]
4.1.4 The Other Back Panel Stuff
--------------------------
4.1.4.1 Status Display
--------------
I know of no key explaining the single hex digit display.
This, however, is what it does (at least, on a running 3130):
State Status LED
----- ----------
Idle at monitor prompt 5
Booting or running os Alternates 2 & 3
Shutting down (reboot) F -> 6 -> 5
4.1.4.2 Configuration Switches
----------------------
Not so for the rear panel DIP switch. It has different meanings,
depending on whether you have a 2000 or a 3000 series system:
*Asterisks indicate factory defaults
Non-Turbo 2000 Switches:
------------------------
1 2 Serial line speed
- - -----------------
C C 300 baud
O C 1200 baud
O O* 9600 baud
3 Verbose
- ----------
C No status reports in power-up testing
O* Status reports in power-up testing
4 Autoboot
- --------
C Autoboot using specified environment
O* Manual (PROM monitor) boot
4 Monitor display type
- --------------------
C Primary video driver
O Secondary video driver
5 6 7 8 Boot environment
------- ----------------
C C C C Floppy disk
C C C O* 2400 ST-506 hard disk
C O C C Network
O C C C PROM monitor (Note effect on Switch 4 function)
O O C C Serial line
O C C O 2500 SMD hard disk
9 Reserved
- --------
C* Leave closed
No, the two sets of entries for Switch 4 isn't a mistake.
To quote the Series 2000 User's Guide:
The meaning of Switch 4 depends on the settings of
Switches 5 through 8, which determine the boot
environment.
If the boot environment is set to the PROM Monitor,
Switch 4 is interpreted to select a monitor display
type. Setting Switch 4 to CLOSED causes the workstation
to initialize the primary video driver. Setting
Switch 4 to OPEN causes the workstation to initialize
the secondary video driver.
3000 & Turbo 2000 Switches:
---------------------------
1 2 3 4 ($) Boot environment
------- ----------------
C C C C* 0 Hard disk \
O C C C 1 Cartridge tape | 3000
C O C C 2 Floppy disk |- Source: User's
O O C C 3 Network (XNS) | Manual
O C O C 5 PROM /
C C O C 4 Not used \
C O O C 6 Diagnostic PROM board |
O O O C** 7 Not used |
C C C O 8 Not used |
O C C O 9 ip - interphase (SMD) | 3000
C O C O A st - storager 2 tape |- Source: Maintenance
O O C O B sf - storager 2 floppy | Manual
C C O O C sd - storager 2 disk |
O C O O D mt - DSD tape |
C O O O E mf - DSD floppy |
O O O O F md - DSD disk /
5 Autoboot
- --------
C* PROM monitor
O Automatic
6 Quiet mode
- ----------
C* Display system information
O Don't display system information
7 Monitor select
- --------------
C* Display on primary monitor
O Display on secondary monitor
8 9 Reserved
--- --------
C C* Leave closed
** According to William Bardwell ([email protected]),
this is actually a TCP/IP boot setting.
When the processor resets and enters the monitor, it reports the settings
of these DIP switches. This is how the numbers displayed map to the
actual switches (1=OPEN, 0=CLOSED):
"Configuration Switch: 0xUBLB" (As reported in hex by the monitor)
Upper Byte Lower Byte
bit position: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
--------------- ---------------
IP2-S2: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 IP2-S1: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Rear Panel: 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
What this means is that IP2-S1 and the Rear Panel switches are parallelled,
so a CLOSED switch will override an OPEN one. I strongly recommend ensuring
that IP2-S1 is set to ALL OPEN so that the Rear Panel switches can be used.
4.1.5 Internal Cabling and Board Settings
-----------------------------------
The IRIS Multibus backplane is divided into two sections: The CPU
side (slots 1-9) and the Graphics side (slots 10-20). This is not
arbitrary. The P2 traces on the back of the motherboard are cut between
the P2 connectors 9 and 10, isolating the CPU half from the Graphics half.
4.1.5.1 CPU Side Board Locations:
-------------------------
Brackets () indicate optional boards.
Without Floating Point:
-----------------------
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
--- --- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---
IM1 IP2 ENET DISK (IEEE) (CG1)
(IM1) IM1 IP2 ENET DISK (IEEE) (CG1)
(IM1) (IM1) IM1 IP2 ENET DISK (IEEE) (CG1)
(IM1) (IM1) (IM1) IM1 IP2 ENET DISK (IEEE) (CG1)
With Floating Point:
--------------------
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
--- --- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---
IM1 FP1 IP2 ENET DISK (IEEE) (CG1)
(IM1) IM1 FP1 IP2 ENET DISK (IEEE) (CG1)
(IM1) (IM1) IM1 FP1 IP2 ENET DISK (IEEE) (CG1)
(IM1) (IM1) (IM1) IM1 FP1 IP2 ENET DISK (CG1)
4.1.5.2 IM1 RAM Switch Settings:
------------------------
Board: 1 2 3 4
- - - -
SW1: C C C C
SW2: C C C C
SW3: C C O O
SW4: C O C O
4.1.5.3 Graphics Side Board Locations and Cabling:
------------------------------------------
Diagrams would make this much easier, but I think in this case bad
ASCII art may be worse than none at all. Here's how the right side
of the card cage is cabled:
Board: BP3 BP3 BP3 DC4 UC4 GF2 IP2
Slot: 10,11 12,13 14-17 18 19 20 varies
----- ----- ----- --- --- --- ------
no J7------J3
J1/J3 J3-------------J6
cables J1-------------J5 J3--------J5
J3-----J4
J1-----J1 J1------J1
Each BP3 board contains four (4) bitplanes, and each of those bitplanes
is 1024x1024x1. The minimum number of BP3 boards needed to run graphics
is two (2), that is, eight (8) bitplanes, or 8 bits/pixel. These two boards
are installed in slots 16 and 17, and bitplanes are added from right to left.
As the above chart shows, the cables from the DC4's J1 and J4 daisy chain
across the four (4) rightmost BP3s' J1 and J3 connectors, respectively.
The DC4's J5 and J6 daisy chain across J1 and J3 on the BP3s in slots
12 and 13, and the BP3s installed in slots 10 and 11 have no cables
connected to them.
4.1.5.4 BP3 Bitplane Switch Settings:
-----------------------------
Slot: 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SW1: O O O O O O O O (UC4)
SW2: O O O O C C C C (CD)
SW3: O O C C O O C C (BD1)
SW4: O C O C O C O C (BD0)
4.2 DISK STUFF
----------
The Multibus IRI used three drive interface types:
ST-506 (also referred to as MFM), ESDI, and SMD. SGI never shipped
any SCSIs in this era, though I have little doubt that there's someone
out there who's hacked one. If you're him/her, please let us know.
SCSIs sure are getting big and cheap these days.
4.2.1 Controllers
-----------
4.2.1.1 Qualogy DSD-5217 ST-506/QIC-02
------------------------------
"DSD" stands for Data Systems Design, which apparently was Qualogy's
old name. This board is sometimes referred to as the "Midas". In the
ST-506 systems, it is both the disk controller and cartridge tape
controller. It also has a connector for a 360K floppy, but I don't know
whether anyone's ever used it in an IRIS.
(/usr/include/multibus/dsdreg.h)
Qualogy
2241 Lundy Avenue
San Jose, CA 95131-9884
voice: 408-434-5200
4.2.1.2 Interphase 3030 Storager ESDI/ST-506/QIC-02
-------------------------------------------
The Storager will support both ESDI and ST-506 drives, but in these systems
is used only for ESDI and cartridge tape. It too supports floppies
(3, 5, and 8 inch), but, again, I have no knowledge of their being used.
There have been reports of difficulty in using large ESDI drives with
the Interphase Storager, the suggestion being that there is a size
limit on the drive that may be used. In fact, the problem is not in the
size of the drive, but rather the higher data transfer rate that generally
accompanies larger drives. Different versions of the Storager exist,
capable of sustaining different data rates. According to Interphase:
Storager CC00047-****,Rev** 10MHz
Storager II CC00058-****,Rev** 12.5MHz
Storager III CC00105-****,Rev** 24MHz
Storager IIID CC00119-****,Rev** 24MHz
For example, if you're running a Storager II with a Hitachi DK512-17 disk
(134 Meg, 10Mbit/sec xfer) and want to replace it with, or add, a larger
drive, you may run into trouble with a Micropolis 1516 (678 Meg, 20Mbit/sec).
You'd likely have better results with a CDC 94186-383 (383 Meg, 10Mbit/sec).
This is largely anecdotal, and not based on personal experience.
If you know otherwise, please supply details.
NOTE: All references to the Storager in SGI documentation explicitly
state "Storager II", so I believe that to be the only version
they shipped. Either that, or they were sloppy in their field
service docs and actually shipped the Storager III with the
Hitachi DK514-38 (330meg, 15Mbit/sec). Perhaps someone who has
one of these drives will confirm the identity of the controller.
[/usr/include/multibus/si*.h]
4.2.1.3 Interphase 2190 SMD
-------------------
This is the controller used with big (these days more a comment on
physical size than capacity) drives such as the Fujitsu Eagles. Unlike
the two previously described controllers, it does not have a QIC-02
tape interface. Therefore, this board is used in conjunction with the
Qualogy 5217, which provides the catridge tape I/O.
(/usr/include/multibus/iphreg.h)
Interphase Corporation
13800 Senlac
Dallas, TX 75234
voice: 214-919-9000
fax: 214-919-9200
4.2.2 Drives
------
"Supported" Drives
------------------
The following is a list of drives known to the various versions of fex,
(fex is explained below). Entries missing type or size information will,
in practical terms, be just as useless as the 10 and 20 meg drives listed,
but I again defer to completeness. The first column contains a drive-type
abbreviation used by fex. (This list was created from the three versions
of fex on my 3130's v3.6 os)
[drive sizes are formatted...calculate unformatted]
Aim 130 ?
AMS 513 ?
96202 AST 96202 ?
96203 AST 96203 ?
3046 Atasi 3046 ST-506 39meg
WREN CDC Wren II(86) ST-506 72meg
94156 CDC ESDI 40-72meg
WREN3 CDC Wren III ESDI 86-155meg
CDC 9766 SMD
CMI 3426 ST-506 20meg
D570 Cynthia D570 ?
2243 Fujitsu 2243 ST-506 67meg
2246 Fujitsu 2246 ESDI 172meg
2249 Fujitsu 2249 ESDI 389meg
Fujitsu 2312 SMD
Fujitsu Eagle 2351A SMD
5118 Hitachi DK511-8 ST-506 67meg
5128 Hitachi DK512-8 ESDI 67meg
51212 Hitachi DK512-12 ESDI 94meg
51217 Hitachi DK512-17 ESDI 134meg
51438 Hitachi DK514-38 ESDI 330meg
1085 Maxtor 1085 ST-506 71meg
1140 Maxtor 1140 ST-506 119meg
Maxtor 2085 ST-506 74meg
4175 Maxtor 4175 ESDI 150meg
M514 Memorex 514 ST-506 58meg
Micropolis 1325 ST-506 71meg
3212 Miniscribe 3212 ST-506 11meg
Mitsubishi 3426 ?
NEC 1055 ?
QUME Qume 592? ?
Siemens 1100 ?
Siemens 1200 ESDI 174meg
1300 Siemens 1300 ESDI 261meg
T101 Tandon TM-101-4 ?
TM252 Tandon TM-252 ST-506 10meg
Tandon TM-262 ST-506 21meg
MK56FB Toshiba MK56FB ST-506 130meg
156FA Toshiba MK156FA ESDI 148meg
V130 Vertex/Priam/Bull V-130* ST-506 26meg
V170 Vertex/Priam/Bull V-170* ST-506 60meg
V185 Vertex/Priam/Bull V-185 ST-506 71meg
155015 1550-15?
*You can also interpolate the V150 here, even though fex
doesn't explicitly mention it.
"Actually Used" Drives
----------------------
These are the ones, as far as I know, that SGI shipped:
[check all of these]
2243 Fujitsu 2243 ST-506 67meg
2246 Fujitsu 2246 ESDI 172meg
2249 Fujitsu 2249 ESDI 389meg
Fujitsu 2312 SMD
Fujitsu 2351A (Eagle) SMD
5118 Hitachi DK511-8 ST-506 67meg
5128 Hitachi DK512-8 ESDI 67meg
51212 Hitachi DK512-12 ESDI 94meg
51217 Hitachi DK512-17 ESDI 134meg
51438 Hitachi DK514-38 ESDI 330meg
1085 Maxtor 1085 ST-506 71meg
MK56FB Toshiba MK56FB ST-506 130meg
156FA Toshiba MK156FA ESDI 148meg
V170 Vertex/Priam/Bull V-170 ST-506 60meg
Drives That Don't Work
----------------------
I haven't been able to get Seagate ST-4096s (that worked just fine
on a PC) to talk to the Qualogy controller. mdfex just reports a
hard error when it comes up. Anyone else out there have experience
with these (or other) drives?
4.2.3 Disk Maintenance
----------------
SGI provided three programs for disk maintenance: mdfex, sifex, and ipfex.
They live in your /stand directory, and are the first files copied to tape
when you do a "mkboot" in the course of doing backups. They are identical
in functionality; which one you use depends on which disk controller (and
disks) you have:
Program Controller Drive type
------- ------------------- ----------
mdfex Qualogy/DSD 5217 ST-506
sifex Interphase Storager ESDI
ipfex Interphase 2190 SMD
Under normal circumstances (starting from the monitor prompt)
you will boot fex from the "mkboot" tape using, as appropriate:
b md0:mdfex (if you have ST-506)
b si0:sifex (if you have ESDI)
b ip0:ipfex (if you have SMD)
fex will bring itself up, attempt to read the disk label, and present you
with a limited set of commands, which are largely self-explanatory.
To access the full command set, concealed from you for your own good,
type a capital Z. You will be prompted for a password:
Password: carter
pAssword: ludwig
paSsword: chase
pasSword: darrah
passWord: donl
passwOrd: bradley
passwoRd: ellis
passworD: luttner
You can get yet more commands by typing Shift 3 (#).
« Last Edit: January 01, 2017, 08:53:36 pm by netfreak »

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